Professor Tom Evans

Professor of Molecular Microbiology (Bacteriology)
Dean of Global Engagement (Middle East & Africa) (External Relations)

telephone: 01413308418
email: Tom.Evans@glasgow.ac.uk

RB226 Level B2, Iii - Gbrc, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA

Biography

Tom Evans MA PhD MBBChir FRCP is Professor of Molecular Microbiology at the University of Glasgow and a Consultant in Infectious Disease and General Medicine for Greater Glasgow and Clyde Health Board. He trained in Medicine and Biochemistry at the University of Cambridge and then specialised in Infectious Diseases at Imperial College London before moving to Glasgow in 2003. His research interests are in the immune responses to bacterial infections, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae as well as the development of more effective therapies for hospital-acquired infections and antibiotic-resistant bacteria, as part of the Scottish Government funded Scottish Healthcare-associated Infection Prevention Institute (SHAIPI). He is on the Editorial Board of the Journals Immunology and Future Microbiology and is a Fellow of the European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he was Chair of the Scottish Government’s Clinical Cell for COVID-19, and a member of the Scottish Government Advisory Committee on COVID-19. He is currently chair of the Department of Health and Social Care’s expert Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens, and is a member of the Scottish Standing Committee on Pandemic Preparedness, amongst other scientific advisory groups.

Research interests

We are interested in how bacteria trigger an immune response following infection. Initial contact with bacteria triggers a response from the innate immune system, resulting in activation of important immune defence mechanisms. One of these is activation of the inflammasome, a multi-subunit protein platform that results in production of IL-1β, a key cytokine in host defence.

This can also lead to a form of cell death known as pyroptosis. Inflammasome activation also intersects with autophagy, a cellular process for clearing and re-using intracellular components that also is important in host defence against infection and down-regulated inflammasome activation.
The innate immune response not only provides immediate host protection but also shapes the nature of a subsequent acquired immune response. This is achieved through the production of a variety of factors by dendritic and other cells that instruct CD4+ helper T cells (Th cells) to develop into specific subsets with a characteristic ‘signature’ of cytokine production. Classically, this has been described as a binary system in which Th1 cells produce the inflammatory cytokine interferon-γ and Th2 cells produce IL-4. This in turn influences the nature of the memory immune response: Th1 effectors activate macrophages and are characteristic of the response to intracellular bacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis whereas Th2 effectors promote B cell development and immunoglobulin production.

However, more recent studies have shown that this simple binary division is over simplistic, and that a range of Th cell subtypes exist that have distinct functional roles. Two such subtypes that are of great importance in host defence and inflammatory responses are Th17 and Th22 cells. Th17 cells are potent inducers of neutrophil responses and of great importance in host defence. However, they may also mediate damaging inflammatory responses. Th22 cells produce the cytokine IL-22, which acts on epithelial cells, augmenting host defence and promoting repair following injury. The development of these different lineages is in turn influenced by the cytokines produced following the interaction of pathogens with dendritic cells; for example, IL-1β is important in Th17 development.

Current Projects
We study these immune responses following infection with two human pathogens:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a pathogen that produces acute infections in the immunocompromised as well as chronic infections in patients with the inherited condition cystic fibrosis.

Streptococcus pneumoniae (in collaboration with Professor Tim Mitchell), the major cause of community acquired pneumonia.

Ongoing projects are:
• The role of Th17 and Th22 cells in the responses to pseudomonal infection in cystic fibrosis.
• The potential protective role of Th17 and Th22 cells in protective immunity to pneumococcal infection
• The interactions between inflammasome activation and induction of autophagy following bacterial infection
• Transcriptome of P. aeruginosa within the CF lung

Publications

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Number of items: 101.

2024

McHugh, M. P., Pettigrew, K. A., Taori, S., Evans, T. J. , Leanord, A., Gillespie, S. H., Templeton, K. E. and Holden, M. T.G. (2024) Consideration of within-patient diversity highlights transmission pathways and antimicrobial resistance gene variability in vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 79(3), pp. 656-668. (doi: 10.1093/jac/dkae023) (PMID:38323373)

2023

Bach, L. , Ram, A., Ijaz, U. Z. , Evans, T. J. , Haydon, D. T. and Lindström, J. (2023) The effects of smoking on human pharynx microbiota composition and stability. Microbiology Spectrum, 11(2), e02166-21. (doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02166-21) (PMID:36786634) (PMCID:PMC10101099)

2021

Goswami, C. , Fox, S., Holden, M., Leanord, A. and Evans, T. J. (2021) Genomic analysis of global staphylococcus argenteus strains reveals distinct lineages with differing virulence and antibiotic resistance gene content. Frontiers in Microbiology, 12, 795173. (doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.795173)

Mead, S., Evans, T. and Advisory Committee for Dangerous Pathogens Transmissible Spongif, (2021) Safe laboratory management of prions and proteopathic seeds. Lancet Neurology, 20(12), p. 981. (doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00379-3) (PMID:34800410)

Six, A., Mosbahi, K., Barge, M., Kleanthous, C., Evans, T. and Walker, D. (2021) Pyocin efficacy in a murine model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 76(9), pp. 2317-2324. (doi: 10.1093/jac/dkab199) (PMID:34142136) (PMCID:PMC8361349)

Bach, L. L. , Ram, A., Ijaz, U. Z. , Evans, T. J. and Lindström, J. (2021) A longitudinal study of the human oropharynx microbiota over time reveals a common core and significant variations with self-reported disease. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11, 573969. (doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.573969) (PMID:33552004) (PMCID:PMC7861042)

2020

Davis, C. et al. (2020) Postexposure prophylaxis with rVSV-ZEBOV following exposure to a patient with Ebola virus disease relapse in the United Kingdom: an operational, safety, and immunogenicity report. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 71(11), pp. 2872-2879. (doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz1165) (PMID:31784751) (PMCID:PMC7778350)

Fox, S., Goswami, C. , Holden, M., Connolly, J. P.R., Mordue, J., O'Boyle, N., Roe, A. , Connor, M., Leanord, A. and Evans, T. J. (2020) A highly conserved complete accessory Escherichia coli type III secretion system 2 is widespread in bloodstream isolates of the ST69 lineage. Scientific Reports, 10, 4135. (doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-61026-x) (PMID:32139768) (PMCID:PMC7058095)

Goswami, C. , Fox, S., Holden, M. T.G., Connor, M., Leanord, A. and Evans, T. J. (2020) Origin, maintenance and spread of antibiotic resistant genes within plasmids and chromosomes of bloodstream isolates of Escherichia coli. Microbial Genomics, 6(4), e000353. (doi: 10.1099/mgen.0.000353) (PMID:32160146) (PMCID:PMC7276700)

2019

Ritchie, N. D. and Evans, T. (2019) Dual RNA-seq in Streptococcus pneumoniae infection reveals compartmentalized neutrophil responses in lung and pleural space. mSystems, 4(4), e00216-19. (doi: 10.1128/mSystems.00216-19) (PMID:31409659) (PMCID:PMC6697439)

Irvine, S., Bunk, B., Bayes, H. K., Spröer, C., Connolly, J. P.R., Six, A., Evans, T. J. , Roe, A. J. , Overmann, J. and Walker, D. (2019) Genomic and transcriptomic characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa small colony variants derived from a chronic infection model. Microbial Genomics, 5(4), (doi: 10.1099/mgen.0.000262) (PMID:30920365) (PMCID:PMC6521587)

2018

Goswami, C. , Fox, S., Holden, M., Connor, M., Leanord, A. and Evans, T. J. (2018) Genetic analysis of invasive Escherichia coli in Scotland reveals determinants of healthcare-associated versus community-acquired infections. Microbial Genomics, 4(6), e000190. (doi: 10.1099/mgen.0.000190) (PMID:29932391) (PMCID:PMC6096937)

Ritchie, N. D., Ritchie, R., Bayes, H. K., Mitchell, T. J. and Evans, T. J. (2018) IL-17 can be protective or deleterious in murine pneumococcal pneumonia. PLoS Pathogens, 14(5), e1007099. (doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007099) (PMID:29813133) (PMCID:PMC5993294)

Evans, T. (2018) Diagnosis and management of sepsis. Clinical Medicine, 18(2), pp. 146-149. (doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.18-2-146) (PMID:29626019)

2017

Ritchie, N. D., Ijaz, U. Z. and Evans, T. J. (2017) IL-17 signalling restructures the nasal microbiome and drives dynamic changes following Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization. BMC Genomics, 18, 807. (doi: 10.1186/s12864-017-4215-3) (PMID:29058583) (PMCID:PMC5651609)

Ullah, I., Ritchie, N. D. and Evans, T. J. (2017) The interrelationship between phagocytosis, autophagy and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps following infection of human neutrophils by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Innate Immunity, 23(5), pp. 413-423. (doi: 10.1177/1753425917704299) (PMID:28399692) (PMCID:PMC5505230)

2016

Bayes, H. K., Ritchie, N. D. and Evans, T. J. (2016) Interleukin-17 is required for control of chronic lung infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infection and Immunity, 84(12), pp. 3507-3516. (doi: 10.1128/IAI.00717-16) (PMID:27698020) (PMCID:PMC5116727)

Bayes, H.K., Ritchie, N., Irvine, S. and Evans, T.J. (2016) A murine model of early Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung disease with transition to chronic infection. Scientific Reports, 6, 35838. (doi: 10.1038/srep35838) (PMID:27804985) (PMCID:PMC5090221)

Bayes, H. K., Ritchie, N. E., Ward, C., Corris, P. A., Brodlie, M. and Evans, T. (2016) IL-22 exacerbates weight loss in a murine model of chronic pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 16(6), pp. 759-768. (doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2016.06.008) (PMID:27375092) (PMCID:PMC5154339)

McCaughey, L. C., Ritchie, N. D., Douce, G. R. , Evans, T. J. and Walker, D. (2016) Efficacy of species-specific protein antibiotics in a murine model of acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection. Scientific Reports, 6, 30201. (doi: 10.1038/srep30201) (PMID:27444885) (PMCID:PMC4957109)

Evans, T. J. and Robertson, P. (2016) Infectious disease. In: Training in Medicine. Oxford University Press: Oxford. ISBN 9780199230457

Klionsky, D. J. et al. (2016) Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition). Autophagy, 12(1), pp. 1-222. (doi: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356) (PMID:26799652) (PMCID:PMC4835977)

2015

Jabir, M. et al. (2015) Mitochondrial damage contributes to Pseudomonas aeruginosa activation of the inflammasome and is downregulated by autophagy. Autophagy, 11(1), pp. 166-182. (doi: 10.4161/15548627.2014.981915) (PMID:25700738) (PMCID:PMC4502769)

2014

Jabir, M. S. et al. (2014) Caspase-1 cleavage of the TLR adaptor TRIF inhibits autophagy and β-interferon production during pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Cell Host and Microbe, 15(2), pp. 214-227. (doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.01.010) (PMID:24528867)

McCaughey, L. C. et al. (2014) Lectin-like bacteriocins from Pseudomonas spp. utilise D-rhamnose containing lipopolysaccharide as a cellular receptor. PLoS Pathogens, 10(2), e1003898. (doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003898) (PMID:24516380) (PMCID:PMC3916391)

Bayes, H. K., Bicknell, S., MacGregor, G. and Evans, T. J. (2014) T helper cell subsets specific for pseudomonas aeruginosa in healthy individuals and patients with cystic fibrosis. PLoS ONE, 9(2), e90263. (doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090263) (PMID:24587305) (PMCID:PMC3937364)

2013

Cameron, E.J. et al. (2013) Randomised controlled trial of azithromycin in smokers with asthma. European Respiratory Journal, 42(5), pp. 1412-1415. (doi: 10.1183/09031936.00093913)

White, B., Seaton, R.A. and Evans, T.J. (2013) Letter of response to Stricker et al. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 106(2), pp. 202-203. (doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcs228)

White, B., Seaton, A. and Evans, T.J. (2013) Management of suspected Lyme borreliosis: experience from an outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy service. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 106(2), pp. 133-138. (doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcs189) (PMID:23070203)

2012

Ritchie, N.D., Mitchell, T.J. and Evans, T.J. (2012) What is different about serotype 1 pneumococci? Future Microbiology, 7(1), pp. 33-46. (doi: 10.2217/FMB.11.146)

Schmidt, E.E., Holmes, A., Lindestam Arlehamn, C.S., Wang, D., Mitchell, T.J., Evans, T.J. and Roe, A.J. (2012) Expression and regulation of the Escherichia coli O157:H7 effector proteins NleH1 and NleH2. PLoS ONE, 7(3), e33408. (doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033408) (PMID:22428045) (PMCID:PMC3299786)

2011

Lindestam Arlehamn, C.S. and Evans, T.J. (2011) Pseudomonas aeruginosa pilin activates the inflammasome. Cellular Microbiology, 13(3), pp. 388-401. (doi: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2010.01541.x) (PMID:20955240) (PMCID:PMC3429865)

2010

Duncan, C.J.A., Evans, T.J. and Seaton, R.A. (2010) Ceftriaxone-related agranulocytosis during outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 65(11), pp. 2483-2484. (doi: 10.1093/jac/dkq339)

Arlehamn, C.S.L., Petrilli, V., Gross, O., Tschopp, J. and Evans, T.J. (2010) The role of potassium in inflammasome activation by bacteria. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 285(14), pp. 10508-10518. (doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.067298)

2009

Evans, T.J. (2009) Bacterial triggering of inflammation by intracellular sensors. Future Microbiology, 4(1), pp. 65-75. (doi: 10.2217/17460913.4.1.65)

2007

Bellingham, M. and Evans, T. J. (2007) The α2β1 isoform of guanylyl cyclase mediates plasma membrane localized nitric oxide signalling. Cellular Signalling, 19(10), pp. 2183-2193. (doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.06.017) (PMID:17643962)

Lindsay, S. L. , Ramsey, S., Aitchison, M., Renné, T. and Evans, T. J. (2007) Modulation of lamellipodial structure and dynamics by NO-dependent phosphorylation of VASP Ser239. Journal of Cell Science, 120(17), pp. 3011-3021. (doi: 10.1242/jcs.003061) (PMID:17684063)

Langley, G., Evans, T. , Holgate, S. T. and Jones, A. (2007) Replacing animal experiments: choices, chances and challenges. BioEssays, 29(9), pp. 918-926. (PMID:17688239)

2006

Stirling, F. R. and Evans, T. J. (2006) Effects of the Type III secreted Pseudomonal toxin Exos in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microbiology, 152(8), pp. 2273-2285. (doi: 10.1099/mic.0.28831-0) (PMID:16849794)

Cuzick, A., Stirling, F. R., Lindsay, S. L. and Evans, T. H. (2006) The type III pseudomonal exotoxin U activates the c-JUN NH2-terminal kinase pathway and increases human epithelial interleukin-8 production. Infection and Immunity, 74(7), pp. 4104-4113. (doi: 10.1128/IAI.02045-05) (PMID:16790784) (PMCID:PMC1489742)

Stirling, F., Cuzick, A., Kelly, S., Oxley, D. and Evans, T. (2006) Eukaryotic localization, activation and ubiquitinylation of a bacterial type III secreted toxin. Cellular Microbiology, 8, pp. 1294-1309. (doi: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00710.x)

2005

Langley, C. et al. (2005) Opportunities to replace the use of animals in sepsis research. The report and recommendations of a Focus on Alternatives workshop. Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, 33(6), pp. 641-648.

2004

Darling, K., Dewar, A. and Evans, T. (2004) Role of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator in Internalization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Polarized Epithelial Cells. Cellular Microbiology, 6(6), pp. 521-533.

Davis, R. et al. (2004) Expression and functions of the duodenal peptide secretin and its receptor in human lung. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, 31, pp. 302-308. (doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2004-00350C)

Evans, T. (2004) The Discovery of Cyclin (11). Commentary. Cell,

2003

Darling, K. and Evans, T. (2003) Effects of nitric oxide on Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of epithelial cells from a human respiratory cell line derived from a patient with cystic fibrosis. Infection and Immunity, 71, pp. 2341-2349. (doi: 10.1128/IAI.71.5.2341-2349.2003)

2002

Evans, T. (2002) Infection and acute renal failure. In: Acute Renal Failure in Practice. Imperial College Press: London. ISBN 9781860942167

Glynne, P., Darling, K., Picot, J. and Evans, T. (2002) Epithelial inducible nitric-oxide synthase is an apical EBP50-binding protein that directs vectorial nitric oxide output. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277, pp. 33132-33138. (doi: 10.1074/jbc.M205764200)

Glynne, P. and Evans, T. (2002) Role of the PDZ scaffolding protein in tubule cells in maintenance of polarised function. Experimental Nephrology, 10, pp. 307-312. (doi: 10.1159/00065307)

2001

Glynne, P., Picot, J. and Evans, T. (2001) Coexpressed nitric oxide synthase and apical beta(1) integrins influence tubule cell adhesion after cytokine-induced injury. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 12, pp. 2370-2383.

Redington, A., Meng, Q., Springall, D., Evans, T. , Creminon, C., Maclouf, J., Holgate, S., Howarth, P. and Polak, J. (2001) Increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclo-oxygenase-2 in the airway epithelium of asthmatic subjects and regulation by corticosteroid treatment. Thorax, 56, pp. 351-357.

Webb, J., Harvey, M., Holden, D. and Evans, T. (2001) Macrophage nitric oxide synthase associates with cortical actin but is not recruited to phagosomes. Infection and Immunity, 69, pp. 6391-6400.

Webb, J., Polak, J. and Evans, T. (2001) Effect of adhesion on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) production in purified human neutrophils. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 123, pp. 42-48.

2000

Evans, T. J. ed. (2000) Septic Shock: Methods and Protocols. Series: Methods in Molecular Medicine, 36. Humana Press: Totowa, N.J.. ISBN 9780896037304

Meng, Q.H., Polak, J.M., Edgar, A.J., Chacon, M.R., Evans, T.J. , Gruenert, D.C. and Bishop, A.E. (2000) Neutrophils enhance expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in human normal but not cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cells. Journal of Pathology, 190(2), pp. 126-132. (doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(200002)190:2<126::AID-PATH500>3.0.CO;2-#) (PMID:10657009)

1999

Ling, S.C., Wilkinson, J.D., Hollman, A.S., McColl, J. , Evans, T.J. and Paton, J.Y. (1999) The evolution of liver disease in cystic fibrosis. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 81(2), pp. 129-132. (doi: 10.1136/adc.81.2.129) (PMID:10490519) (PMCID:PMC1718033)

Evans, T. J. (Ed.) (1999) Septic Shock Methods and Protocols. Series: Methods in molecular medicine. Humana Press. ISBN 9780896037304

Baker, C. S.R., Hall, R. J.C., Evans, T. J. , Pomerance, A., Maclouf, J., Creminon, C., Yacoub, M. H. and Polak, J. M. (1999) Cyclooxygenase-2 Is widely expressed in atherosclerotic lesions affecting native and transplanted human coronary arteries and colocalizes with inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine particularly in macrophages. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 19(3), pp. 646-655. (doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.19.3.646) (PMID:10073969)

Bland, R., Evans, T.J. , Raine, P. and Weaver, L.T. (1999) Inflammatory bowel disease in Scottish children. Health Bulletin, 57(6), pp. 365-373.

Evans, T. (1999) Atovaquone. In: Therapeutic Drugs. Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh. ISBN 9780443051487

Evans, T.J. (1999) Cytokine control of nitric oxide production: Therapeutic possibilities. Shock, Sepsis, and Organ Failure, pp. 187-202. (doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-58630-9_9)

Evans, T. J. (1999) Bioassay for tumor necrosis factors-α and β. In: Evans, T.J. (ed.) Septic Shock Methods and Protocols. Series: Methods in molecular medicine, 36 (36). Humana Press, pp. 83-90. ISBN 9780896037304 (doi: 10.1385/1-59259-216-3:83)

Reilly, J.J., Evans, T. , Wilkinson, J. and Paton, J.Y. (1999) Adequacy of clinical formulae for estimation of energy requirements in children with cystic fibrosis. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 81(2), pp. 120-124. (doi: 10.1136/adc.81.2.120)

Reilly, J.J., Ralston, J.M., Paton, J.Y. , Edwards, C.A. , Weaver, L.T., Wilkinson, J. and Evans, T.J. (1999) Energy balance during acute respiratory exacerbations in children with cystic fibrosis. European Respiratory Journal, 13(4), pp. 804-809. (doi: 10.1034/j.1399-3003.1999.13d18.x)

1998

Zinetti, M., Agyekum, S., Evans, T. , Polak, J. and Cohen, J. (1998) The role of lipopolysaccharide, pro-inflammatory cytokines and bacterial superantigens in the transcriptional regulation of lymphotoxin α and β in mouse splenocytes. Cytokine, 10(12), pp. 940-947. (doi: 10.1006/cyto.1998.0386)

Mason, N.A., Springall, D.R., Pomerance, A., Evans, T.J. , Yacoubi, M.H. and Polak, J.M. (1998) Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and formation of peroxynitrite in posttransplant obliterative bronchiolitis. Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 17(7), pp. 710-714. (PMID:9703237)

Badia, J. M., Ayton, L. C., Evans, T. J. , Carpenter, A. J., Nawfal, G., Kinderman, H., Zografos, G., Uemoto, S., Cohen, J. and Habib, N. A. (1998) Systemic cytokine response to hepatic resections under total vascular exclusion. European Journal of Surgery, 164(3), pp. 185-190. (doi: 10.1080/110241598750004625) (PMID:956227)

Meng, Q.-H. et al. (1998) Lack of inducible nitric oxide synthase in bronchial epithelium: a possible mechanism of susceptibility to infection in cystic fibrosis. Journal of Pathology, 184(3), pp. 323-331. (doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(199803)184:3<323::AID-PATH2>3.0.CO;2-2) (PMID:9614386)

1997

Spink, J. and Evans, T. (1997) Binding of the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor-1 to the inducible nitric-oxide synthase promoter. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 272(39), pp. 24417-24425. (doi: 10.1074/jbc.272.39.24417)

Sriskandan, S., Moyes, D., Buttery, L.K., Wilkinson, J., Evans, T.J. , Polak, J. and Cohen, J. (1997) The role of nitric oxide in experimental murine sepsis due to pyrogenic exotoxin A-producing Streptococcus pyogenes. Infection and Immunity, 65(5), pp. 1767-1772. (PMID:9125560) (PMCID:PMC175214)

Cohen, J., Evans, T.J. and Keith, I.A. (1997) Cytokine regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase. In: Vincent, J.L. (ed.) Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine. Springer. ISBN 3540620818 (doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-13450-4_20)

1996

Evans, T.J. , Buttery, L.D.K., Carpenter, A., Springall, D.R., Polak, J.M. and Cohen, J. (1996) Cytokine-treated human neutrophils contain inducible nitric oxide synthase that produces nitration of ingested bacteria. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 93(18), pp. 9553-9558.

Buttery, L., Springall, D., Chester, A., Evans, T. , Parmus, D., Yacoub, M. and Polak, J. (1996) Inducible nitric oxide synthase is present within human atherosclerotic lesions and promotes the formation and activity of peroxynitrite. Laboratory Investigation, 75(1), pp. 77-85. (PMID:8683942)

Sriskandan, S., Moyes, D., Buttery, L. K., Krausz, T., Evans, T. J. , Polak, J. and Cohen, J. (1996) Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin a release, distribution, and role in a murine model of fasciitis and multiorgan failure due to Streptococcus pyogenes. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 173(6), pp. 1399-1407. (doi: 10.1093/infdis/173.6.1399) (PMID:8648212)

Sriskandan, S., Evans, T. J. and Cohen, J. (1996) Bacterial superantigen-induced human lymphocyte responses are nitric oxide dependent and mediated by IL-12 and IFN-gamma. Journal of Immunology, 156(7), pp. 2430-2435. (PMID:8786301)

Soto, A., Evans, T. J. and Cohen, J. (1996) Proinflammatory cytokine production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with cell-free supernatants of viridans streptococci. Cytokine, 8(4), pp. 300-304. (doi: 10.1006/cyto.1996.0040) (PMID:9162219)

Cohen, J., Evans, T. , Carpenter, A. and Martin, A. (1996) Therapeutic strategies in septic shock: Tumor necrosis factor as a therapeutic target. Advances in Biosciences, 94, pp. 127-134.

Evans, T.J. and Cohen, J. (1996) Mediators: Nitric oxide and other toxic oxygen species. In: Pathology of Septic Shock. Springer, pp. 189-207. ISBN 9783642801860

Evans, T.J. and Cohen, J. (1996) Mediators: Nitric Oxide and other toxic oxygen species, in pathology of septic shock. In: Pathology of Septic Shock. Springer: Berlin, pp. 189-207. ISBN 978-3-642-80188-4

Evans, T. J. (1996) The role of macrophages in septic shock. Immunobiology, 195(4-5), pp. 655-659.

1995

Spink, J., Cohen, J. and Evans, T. J. (1995) The cytokine responsive vascular smooth muscle cell enhancer of inducible nitric oxide synthase activation by nuclear factor-κB. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 270(49), pp. 29541-29547. (doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.49.29541)

Carpenter, A., Evans, T. J. , Buurman, W. A., Bemelmans, M. H., Moyes, D. and Cohen, J. (1995) Differences in the shedding of soluble TNF receptors between endotoxin-sensitive and endotoxin-resistant mice in response to lipopolysaccharide or live bacterial challenge. Journal of Immunology, 155(4), pp. 2005-2012. (PMID:7636251)

Evans, T. J. , Carpenter, A., Moyes, D., Martin, R. and Cohen, J. (1995) Protective effects of a recombinant amino-terminal fragment of human bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein in an animal model of gram-negative sepsis. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 171(1), pp. 153-160. (PMID:7798655)

Hukkanen, M., Hughes, F. J., Buttery, L. D. K., Gross, S. S., Evans, T. J. , Seddon, S., Riveros-Moreno, V., Macintyre, I. and Polak, J. M. (1995) Cytokine-stimulated expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase by mouse, rat, and human osteoblast-like cells and its functional role in osteoblast metabolic activity. Endocrinology, 136(12), pp. 5445-5453. (doi: 10.1210/endo.136.12.7588294)

Sriskandan, S., Soto, A., Evans, T.J. and Cohen, J. (1995) Viridans streptococcal bacteraemia: a clinical survey. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 88(6), pp. 415-420.

1994

Evans, T. J. , Moyes, D., Carpenter, A., Martin, R., Loetscher, H., Lesslauer, W. and Cohen, J. (1994) Protective effect of 55- but not 75-kD soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-immunoglobulin G fusion proteins in an animal model of gram- negative sepsis. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 180(6), pp. 2173-2179. (PMID:7964492) (PMCID:2191793)

Buttery, L., Evans, T. , Springall, D., Carpenter, A., Cohen, J. and Polak, J. (1994) Immunochemical localization of inducible nitric oxide synthase in endotoxin-treated rats. Laboratory Investigation, 71(5), pp. 755-764. (PMID:7526041)

Evans, T. , Carpenter, A., Silva, A. and Cohen, J. (1994) Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase in experimental gram-negative sepsis. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 169(2), pp. 343-349. (PMID:7508968)

Evans, T. , Carpenter, A. and Cohen, J. (1994) Inducible nitric-oxide-synthase mRNA is transiently expressed and destroyed by a cycloheximide-sensitive process. European Journal of Biochemistry, 219(1-2), pp. 563-569. (doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb19972.x)

Evans, T. and Krausz, T. (1994) Multiorgan failure in shock. In: Recent Advances in Histopathology. Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh. ISBN 9780443049811

1993

Evans, T. , Carpenter, A., Kinderman, H. and Cohen, J. (1993) Evidence of increased nitric oxide production in patients with the sepsis syndrome. Circulatory Shock, 41(2), pp. 77-81. (PMID:8242883)

Evans, T. J. , Strivens, E., Carpenter, A. and Cohen, J. (1993) Differences in cytokine response and induction of nitric oxide synthase in endotoxin-resistant and endotoxin-sensitive mice after intravenous gram-negative infection. Journal of Immunology, 150(11), pp. 5033-5040.

Evans, T.J. and Cohen, J. (1993) Immunotherapy of sepsis. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 38(4), pp. 237-239. (doi: 10.1099/00222615-38-4-237)

1992

Evans, T. , Carpenter, A., Silva, A. and Cohen, J. (1992) Differential effects of monoclonal antibodies to tumor necrosis factor alpha and gamma interferon on induction of hepatic nitric oxide synthase in experimental gram-negative sepsis. Infection and Immunity, 60(10), pp. 4133-4139.

Evans, T. , Carpenter, A. and Cohen, J. (1992) Purification of a distinctive form of endotoxin-induced nitric oxide synthase from rat liver. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 89(12), pp. 5361-5365. (PMID:137691) (PMCID:PMC49291)

Evans, T. (1992) Cenotoxin. In: Therapeutic Drugs: Supplement. Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh.

1987

Dadmarz, R., Evans, T. , Secher, D., Marshall, N. and Cawley, J. (1987) Hairy cells possess more interferon receptors than other lymphoid cell types. Leukemia, 1(4), pp. 357-361. (PMID:2959825)

1986

Dadmarz, R., Evans, T. , Secher, D., Marshall, N. and Cawley, J. (1986) The mechanism of action of interferon-α (IFN-α) in hairy-cell leukaemia; Hu-IFN-α2 receptor expression by hairy cells and other normal and leukaemic cell types. Leukemia Research, 10(11), pp. 1279-1285.

1984

Evans, T. and secher, D. (1984) Kinetics of internalisation and degradation of surface-bound interferon in human lymphoblastoid cells. EMBO Journal, 3(12), pp. 2975-2978. (PMID:6241148) (PMCID:PMC557800)

1983

Evans, T. , Rosenthal, E. T., Youngblom, J., Distel, D. and Hunt, T. (1983) Cyclin: A protein specified by maternal mRNA in sea urchin eggs that is destroyed at each cleavage division. Cell, 33(2), pp. 389-396. (doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90420-8) (PMID:6134587)

Evans, T. , Rosenthal, E. T., Youngblom, J., Distel, D. and Hunt, T. (1983) On the role of maternal messenger-rna in sea-urchins-studies of a protein which appears to be destroyed at a particular point during each cell-division cycle. Cell, 33(2), pp. 389-396. (PMID:6134587)

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