Dr Oliver Garrod
- Affiliate (School of Psychology & Neuroscience)
Research interests
Graduated from St. Andrews University with BSc (hons) in Psychology. Gained MSc and PhD from Glasgow University. Currently working on dynamic perception-based models of facial expression.
Publications
2024
Bjornsdottir, R. T., Hensel, L. B., Zhan, J., Garrod, O. G. B., Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2024) Social class perception is driven by stereotype-related facial features. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 153(3), pp. 742-753. (doi: 10.1037/xge0001519) (PMID:38271012)
Chen, C. , Messinger, D. S., Chen, C., Yan, H., Duan, Y. , Ince, R. A.A. , Garrod, O. G.B., Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2024) Cultural facial expressions dynamically convey emotion category and intensity information. Current Biology, 34(1), 213-223.e5. (doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.001) (PMID:38141619)
2023
Yan, Y., Zhan, J., Garrod, O., Cui, X., Ince, R. A.A. and Schyns, P. G. (2023) Strength of predicted information content in the brain biases decision behavior. Current Biology, 33(24), 5505-5514.e6. (doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.042) (PMID:38065096)
Snoek, L., Jack, R. E. , Schyns, P. G. , Garrod, O. G.B., Mittenbühler, M., Chen, C. , Oosterwijk, S. and Scholte, H. S. (2023) Testing, explaining, and exploring models of facial expressions of emotions. Science Advances, 9(6), eabq8421. (doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abq8421) (PMID:36763663) (PMCID:PMC9916981)
2022
Arabadzhiyska, D. H., Garrod, O. G.B., Fouragnan, E., De Luca, E., Schyns, P. G. and Philiastides, M. (2022) A common neural account for social and non-social decisions. Journal of Neuroscience, 42(48), pp. 9030-9044. (doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0375-22.2022) (PMID:36280264) (PMCID:PMC9732824)
Liu, M., Duan, Y. , Ince, R. A.A. , Chen, C. , Garrod, O. G.B., Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2022) Facial expressions elicit multiplexed perceptions of emotion categories and dimensions. Current Biology, 32(1), 200-209.e6. (doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.035) (PMID:34767768) (PMCID:PMC8751635)
2021
Daube, C., Xu, T., Zhan, J., Webb, A., Ince, R. A.A. , Garrod, O. G.B. and Schyns, P. G. (2021) Grounding deep neural network predictions of human categorization behavior in understandable functional features: the case of face identity. Patterns, 2(10), 100348. (doi: 10.1016/j.patter.2021.100348) (PMCID:PMC8515012)
Nölle, J., Chen, C. , Hensel, L. B., Garrod, O. G.B., Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2021) Facial expressions of emotion include iconic signals of rejection and acceptance. Journal of Vision, 21(9), p. 2932. (doi: 10.1167/jov.21.9.2932)
Zhan, J., Liu, M., Garrod, O. G.B., Daube, C., Ince, R. A.A. , Jack, R. E. and Schyns, P. G. (2021) Modeling individual preferences reveals that face beauty is not universally perceived across cultures. Current Biology, 31(10), 2243-2252.e6. (doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.03.013) (PMID:33798430) (PMCID:PMC8162177)
2020
Chen, C. , Garrod, O. G. B., Ince, R. A. A. , Foster, M. E. , Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2020) Building culturally-valid dynamic facial expressions for a conversational virtual agent using human perception. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents, Scotland, Virtual Event, UK, 20 - 22 October 2020, ISBN 9781450375863 (doi: 10.1145/3383652.3423913)
Chen, C. , Garrod, O. G. B., Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2020) Dynamic face movement texture enhances the perceived realism of facial expressions of emotion. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents, Scotland, Virtual Event, UK, 20 - 22 October 2020, ISBN 9781450375863 (doi: 10.1145/3383652.3423912)
2019
Holzleitner, I. J. , Lee, A. J. , Hahn, A. C. , Kandrik, M. , Bovet, J., Renoult, J. P., Simmons, D. , Garrod, O., Debruine, L. and Jones, B. C. (2019) Comparing theory-driven and data-driven attractiveness models using images of real women's faces. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 45(12), pp. 1589-1595. (doi: 10.1037/xhp0000685) (PMID:31556686)
Chen, C. , Hensel, L. B., Duan, Y. , Ince, R. , Garrod, O. G.B., Beskow, J., Jack, R. E. and Schyns, P. G. (2019) Equipping Social Robots with Culturally-Sensitive Facial Expressions of Emotion Using Data-Driven Methods. In: 14th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG 2019), Lille, France, 14-18 May 2019, ISBN 9781728100890 (doi: 10.1109/FG.2019.8756570)
Zhan, J., Garrod, O. G.B., van Rijsbergen, N. and Schyns, P. G. (2019) Modelling face memory reveals task-generalizable representations. Nature Human Behaviour, 3, pp. 817-826. (doi: 10.1038/s41562-019-0625-3) (PMID:31209368)
2018
Chen, C. , Crivelli, C., Garrod, O. G.B., Schyns, P. G. , Fernandez-Dols, J.-M. and Jack, R. E. (2018) Distinct facial expressions represent pain and pleasure across cultures. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115(43), E10013-E10021. (doi: 10.1073/pnas.1807862115) (PMID:30297420)
Chen, C. , Garrod, O. G.B., Zhan, J., Beskow, J., Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2018) Reverse Engineering Psychologically Valid Facial Expressions of Emotion into Social Robots. In: 13th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, Xi'an, China, 15-19 May 2018, pp. 448-452. ISBN 9781538623350 (doi: 10.1109/FG.2018.00072)
Xu, T., Garrod, O., Scholte, S. H., Ince, R. and Schyns, P. G. (2018) Using Psychophysical Methods to Understand Mechanisms of Face Identification in a Deep Neural Network. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, Salt Lake City, UT, USA, June 18-22, 2018, pp. 2057-2065. ISBN 9781538661000 (doi: 10.1109/CVPRW.2018.00266)
2017
Rychlowska, M., Jack, R. E. , Garrod, O. G.B., Schyns, P. G. , Martin, J. D. and Niedenthal, P. M. (2017) Functional smiles: tools for love, sympathy, and war. Psychological Science, 28(9), pp. 1259-1270. (doi: 10.1177/0956797617706082) (PMID:28741981)
2016
Delis, I., Chen, C., Jack, R. E. , Garrod, O. G.B., Panzeri, S. and Schyns, P. G. (2016) Space-by-time manifold representation of dynamic facial. Journal of Vision, 16(8), pp. 1-20. 14. (doi: 10.1167/16.8.14) (PMID:27305521) (PMCID:PMC4927208)
Jack, R. E. , Sun, W., Delis, I., Garrod, O. G. B. and Schyns, P. G. (2016) Four not six: revealing culturally common facial expressions of emotion. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 145(6), pp. 708-730. (doi: 10.1037/xge0000162) (PMID:27077757)
2015
Yu, H., Garrod, O., Jack, R. and Schyns, P. (2015) A framework for automatic and perceptually valid facial expression generation. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 74(21), pp. 9427-9447. (doi: 10.1007/s11042-014-2125-9)
Chen, C. , Garrod, O., Schyns, P. and Jack, R. (2015) The face is the mirror of the cultural mind. Journal of Vision, 15(12), p. 928. (doi: 10.1167/15.12.928) (PMID:26326616)
Richoz, A.-R., Jack, R. E. , Garrod, O., Schyns, P. and Caldara, R. (2015) Reconstructing dynamic mental models of facial expressions in prosopagnosia reveals distinct representations for identity and expression. Cortex, 65, pp. 50-64. (doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2014.11.015) (PMID:25638352)
2014
Delis, I., Jack, R. , Garrod, O., Panzeri, S. and Schyns, P. (2014) Characterizing the manifolds of dynamic facial expression categorization. Journal of Vision, 14(10), p. 1384. (doi: 10.1167/14.10.1384)
Jack, R. E. , Garrod, O. G.B. and Schyns, P. G. (2014) Dynamic facial expressions of emotion transmit an evolving hierarchy of signals over time. Current Biology, 24(2), pp. 187-192. (doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.11.064) (PMID:24388852)
Yu, H., Garrod, O., Jack, R. and Schyns, P. (2014) Realistic facial animation generation based on facial expression mapping. In: Fifth International Conference on Graphic and Image Processing (ICGIP 2013), Hong Kong, China, 26-27 Oct 2013, pp. 906903-1. (doi: 10.1117/12.2049921)
Gill, D., Garrod, O. G.B., Jack, R. E. and Schyns, P. G. (2014) Facial movements strategically camouflage involuntary social signals of face morphology. Psychological Science, 25(5), pp. 1079-1086. (doi: 10.1177/0956797614522274)
Richoz, A., Jack, R.E. , Garrod, O.G.B., Schyns, P.G. and Caldara, R. (2014) Reconstructing emotions in motion in prosopagnosia reveals separate representations for identity and emotion. Perception, 43, p. 123.
Watson, R., Latinus, M., Noguchi, T., Garrod, O., Crabbe, F. and Belin, P. (2014) Crossmodal adaptation in right posterior superior temporal sulcus during face-voice emotional integration. Journal of Neuroscience, 34(20), pp. 6813-6821. (doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4478-13.2014)
2013
Watson, R., Latinus, M., Noguchi, T., Garrod, O., Crabbe, F. and Belin, P. (2013) Dissociating task difficulty from incongruence in face-voice emotion integration. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7(744), pp. 1-13. (doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00744)
Gill, D., Garrod, O., Jack, R. and Schyns, P. (2013) Beyond facial morphology: social impressions from dynamic face gestures. Journal of Vision, 13(9), p. 1270. (doi: 10.1167/13.9.1270)
Jack, R. , Garrod, O. and Schyns, P. (2013) Dynamic signaling of facial expressions transmit social information in a hierarchical manner over time. Journal of Vision, 13(9), p. 1277. (doi: 10.1167/13.9.1277)
Sun, W., Garrod, O. G.B., Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2013) Dynamic mental models of culture-specific emotions. Journal of Vision, 13(9), p. 593. (doi: 10.1167/13.9.593)
Jack, R.E. , Garrod, O.G.B., Yu, H., Caldara, R. and Schyns, P.G. (2013) Reply to Sauter and Eisner: differences outweigh commonalities in the communication of emotions across human cultures. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(3), E181-E182. (doi: 10.1073/pnas.1211865110)
2012
Jack, R. , Garrod, O., Yu, H., Caldara, R. and Schyns, P. (2012) Beyond Darwin: revealing culture-specificities in the temporal dynamics of 4D facial expressions. Journal of Vision, 12(9), p. 971. (doi: 10.1167/12.9.971)
Jack, R.E. , Garrod, O.G.B., Yu, H., Caldara, R. and Schyns, P.G. (2012) Facial expressions of emotion are not culturally universal. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109(19), pp. 7241-7244. (doi: 10.1073/pnas.1200155109)
Yu, H., Garrod, O. G.B. and Schyns, P. G. (2012) Perception-driven facial expression synthesis. Computers and Graphics, 36(3), pp. 152-162. (doi: 10.1016/j.cag.2011.12.002)
2011
Jack, R. , Garrod, O., Yu, H., Caldara, R. and Schyns, P. (2011) Dynamic cultural representations of facial expressions of emotion are not universal. Journal of Vision, 11(11), p. 563. (doi: 10.1167/11.11.563)
Articles
Bjornsdottir, R. T., Hensel, L. B., Zhan, J., Garrod, O. G. B., Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2024) Social class perception is driven by stereotype-related facial features. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 153(3), pp. 742-753. (doi: 10.1037/xge0001519) (PMID:38271012)
Chen, C. , Messinger, D. S., Chen, C., Yan, H., Duan, Y. , Ince, R. A.A. , Garrod, O. G.B., Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2024) Cultural facial expressions dynamically convey emotion category and intensity information. Current Biology, 34(1), 213-223.e5. (doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.001) (PMID:38141619)
Yan, Y., Zhan, J., Garrod, O., Cui, X., Ince, R. A.A. and Schyns, P. G. (2023) Strength of predicted information content in the brain biases decision behavior. Current Biology, 33(24), 5505-5514.e6. (doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.042) (PMID:38065096)
Snoek, L., Jack, R. E. , Schyns, P. G. , Garrod, O. G.B., Mittenbühler, M., Chen, C. , Oosterwijk, S. and Scholte, H. S. (2023) Testing, explaining, and exploring models of facial expressions of emotions. Science Advances, 9(6), eabq8421. (doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abq8421) (PMID:36763663) (PMCID:PMC9916981)
Arabadzhiyska, D. H., Garrod, O. G.B., Fouragnan, E., De Luca, E., Schyns, P. G. and Philiastides, M. (2022) A common neural account for social and non-social decisions. Journal of Neuroscience, 42(48), pp. 9030-9044. (doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0375-22.2022) (PMID:36280264) (PMCID:PMC9732824)
Liu, M., Duan, Y. , Ince, R. A.A. , Chen, C. , Garrod, O. G.B., Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2022) Facial expressions elicit multiplexed perceptions of emotion categories and dimensions. Current Biology, 32(1), 200-209.e6. (doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.035) (PMID:34767768) (PMCID:PMC8751635)
Daube, C., Xu, T., Zhan, J., Webb, A., Ince, R. A.A. , Garrod, O. G.B. and Schyns, P. G. (2021) Grounding deep neural network predictions of human categorization behavior in understandable functional features: the case of face identity. Patterns, 2(10), 100348. (doi: 10.1016/j.patter.2021.100348) (PMCID:PMC8515012)
Nölle, J., Chen, C. , Hensel, L. B., Garrod, O. G.B., Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2021) Facial expressions of emotion include iconic signals of rejection and acceptance. Journal of Vision, 21(9), p. 2932. (doi: 10.1167/jov.21.9.2932)
Zhan, J., Liu, M., Garrod, O. G.B., Daube, C., Ince, R. A.A. , Jack, R. E. and Schyns, P. G. (2021) Modeling individual preferences reveals that face beauty is not universally perceived across cultures. Current Biology, 31(10), 2243-2252.e6. (doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.03.013) (PMID:33798430) (PMCID:PMC8162177)
Holzleitner, I. J. , Lee, A. J. , Hahn, A. C. , Kandrik, M. , Bovet, J., Renoult, J. P., Simmons, D. , Garrod, O., Debruine, L. and Jones, B. C. (2019) Comparing theory-driven and data-driven attractiveness models using images of real women's faces. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 45(12), pp. 1589-1595. (doi: 10.1037/xhp0000685) (PMID:31556686)
Zhan, J., Garrod, O. G.B., van Rijsbergen, N. and Schyns, P. G. (2019) Modelling face memory reveals task-generalizable representations. Nature Human Behaviour, 3, pp. 817-826. (doi: 10.1038/s41562-019-0625-3) (PMID:31209368)
Chen, C. , Crivelli, C., Garrod, O. G.B., Schyns, P. G. , Fernandez-Dols, J.-M. and Jack, R. E. (2018) Distinct facial expressions represent pain and pleasure across cultures. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115(43), E10013-E10021. (doi: 10.1073/pnas.1807862115) (PMID:30297420)
Rychlowska, M., Jack, R. E. , Garrod, O. G.B., Schyns, P. G. , Martin, J. D. and Niedenthal, P. M. (2017) Functional smiles: tools for love, sympathy, and war. Psychological Science, 28(9), pp. 1259-1270. (doi: 10.1177/0956797617706082) (PMID:28741981)
Delis, I., Chen, C., Jack, R. E. , Garrod, O. G.B., Panzeri, S. and Schyns, P. G. (2016) Space-by-time manifold representation of dynamic facial. Journal of Vision, 16(8), pp. 1-20. 14. (doi: 10.1167/16.8.14) (PMID:27305521) (PMCID:PMC4927208)
Jack, R. E. , Sun, W., Delis, I., Garrod, O. G. B. and Schyns, P. G. (2016) Four not six: revealing culturally common facial expressions of emotion. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 145(6), pp. 708-730. (doi: 10.1037/xge0000162) (PMID:27077757)
Yu, H., Garrod, O., Jack, R. and Schyns, P. (2015) A framework for automatic and perceptually valid facial expression generation. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 74(21), pp. 9427-9447. (doi: 10.1007/s11042-014-2125-9)
Chen, C. , Garrod, O., Schyns, P. and Jack, R. (2015) The face is the mirror of the cultural mind. Journal of Vision, 15(12), p. 928. (doi: 10.1167/15.12.928) (PMID:26326616)
Richoz, A.-R., Jack, R. E. , Garrod, O., Schyns, P. and Caldara, R. (2015) Reconstructing dynamic mental models of facial expressions in prosopagnosia reveals distinct representations for identity and expression. Cortex, 65, pp. 50-64. (doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2014.11.015) (PMID:25638352)
Delis, I., Jack, R. , Garrod, O., Panzeri, S. and Schyns, P. (2014) Characterizing the manifolds of dynamic facial expression categorization. Journal of Vision, 14(10), p. 1384. (doi: 10.1167/14.10.1384)
Jack, R. E. , Garrod, O. G.B. and Schyns, P. G. (2014) Dynamic facial expressions of emotion transmit an evolving hierarchy of signals over time. Current Biology, 24(2), pp. 187-192. (doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.11.064) (PMID:24388852)
Gill, D., Garrod, O. G.B., Jack, R. E. and Schyns, P. G. (2014) Facial movements strategically camouflage involuntary social signals of face morphology. Psychological Science, 25(5), pp. 1079-1086. (doi: 10.1177/0956797614522274)
Richoz, A., Jack, R.E. , Garrod, O.G.B., Schyns, P.G. and Caldara, R. (2014) Reconstructing emotions in motion in prosopagnosia reveals separate representations for identity and emotion. Perception, 43, p. 123.
Watson, R., Latinus, M., Noguchi, T., Garrod, O., Crabbe, F. and Belin, P. (2014) Crossmodal adaptation in right posterior superior temporal sulcus during face-voice emotional integration. Journal of Neuroscience, 34(20), pp. 6813-6821. (doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4478-13.2014)
Watson, R., Latinus, M., Noguchi, T., Garrod, O., Crabbe, F. and Belin, P. (2013) Dissociating task difficulty from incongruence in face-voice emotion integration. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7(744), pp. 1-13. (doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00744)
Gill, D., Garrod, O., Jack, R. and Schyns, P. (2013) Beyond facial morphology: social impressions from dynamic face gestures. Journal of Vision, 13(9), p. 1270. (doi: 10.1167/13.9.1270)
Jack, R. , Garrod, O. and Schyns, P. (2013) Dynamic signaling of facial expressions transmit social information in a hierarchical manner over time. Journal of Vision, 13(9), p. 1277. (doi: 10.1167/13.9.1277)
Sun, W., Garrod, O. G.B., Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2013) Dynamic mental models of culture-specific emotions. Journal of Vision, 13(9), p. 593. (doi: 10.1167/13.9.593)
Jack, R.E. , Garrod, O.G.B., Yu, H., Caldara, R. and Schyns, P.G. (2013) Reply to Sauter and Eisner: differences outweigh commonalities in the communication of emotions across human cultures. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(3), E181-E182. (doi: 10.1073/pnas.1211865110)
Jack, R. , Garrod, O., Yu, H., Caldara, R. and Schyns, P. (2012) Beyond Darwin: revealing culture-specificities in the temporal dynamics of 4D facial expressions. Journal of Vision, 12(9), p. 971. (doi: 10.1167/12.9.971)
Jack, R.E. , Garrod, O.G.B., Yu, H., Caldara, R. and Schyns, P.G. (2012) Facial expressions of emotion are not culturally universal. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109(19), pp. 7241-7244. (doi: 10.1073/pnas.1200155109)
Yu, H., Garrod, O. G.B. and Schyns, P. G. (2012) Perception-driven facial expression synthesis. Computers and Graphics, 36(3), pp. 152-162. (doi: 10.1016/j.cag.2011.12.002)
Jack, R. , Garrod, O., Yu, H., Caldara, R. and Schyns, P. (2011) Dynamic cultural representations of facial expressions of emotion are not universal. Journal of Vision, 11(11), p. 563. (doi: 10.1167/11.11.563)
Conference Proceedings
Chen, C. , Garrod, O. G. B., Ince, R. A. A. , Foster, M. E. , Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2020) Building culturally-valid dynamic facial expressions for a conversational virtual agent using human perception. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents, Scotland, Virtual Event, UK, 20 - 22 October 2020, ISBN 9781450375863 (doi: 10.1145/3383652.3423913)
Chen, C. , Garrod, O. G. B., Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2020) Dynamic face movement texture enhances the perceived realism of facial expressions of emotion. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents, Scotland, Virtual Event, UK, 20 - 22 October 2020, ISBN 9781450375863 (doi: 10.1145/3383652.3423912)
Chen, C. , Hensel, L. B., Duan, Y. , Ince, R. , Garrod, O. G.B., Beskow, J., Jack, R. E. and Schyns, P. G. (2019) Equipping Social Robots with Culturally-Sensitive Facial Expressions of Emotion Using Data-Driven Methods. In: 14th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG 2019), Lille, France, 14-18 May 2019, ISBN 9781728100890 (doi: 10.1109/FG.2019.8756570)
Chen, C. , Garrod, O. G.B., Zhan, J., Beskow, J., Schyns, P. G. and Jack, R. E. (2018) Reverse Engineering Psychologically Valid Facial Expressions of Emotion into Social Robots. In: 13th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, Xi'an, China, 15-19 May 2018, pp. 448-452. ISBN 9781538623350 (doi: 10.1109/FG.2018.00072)
Xu, T., Garrod, O., Scholte, S. H., Ince, R. and Schyns, P. G. (2018) Using Psychophysical Methods to Understand Mechanisms of Face Identification in a Deep Neural Network. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, Salt Lake City, UT, USA, June 18-22, 2018, pp. 2057-2065. ISBN 9781538661000 (doi: 10.1109/CVPRW.2018.00266)
Yu, H., Garrod, O., Jack, R. and Schyns, P. (2014) Realistic facial animation generation based on facial expression mapping. In: Fifth International Conference on Graphic and Image Processing (ICGIP 2013), Hong Kong, China, 26-27 Oct 2013, pp. 906903-1. (doi: 10.1117/12.2049921)
