2024

Russell, E. R., Lyall, D. M. , Mackay, D. F. , Cronin, K., Stewart, K., MacLean, J. A., Pell, J. P. and Stewart, W. (2024) Health and lifestyle factors and dementia risk among former professional soccer players. JAMA Network Open, 7(12), e2449742. (doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49742) (PMID:39652348)

Fullerton, J. L. , Hay, J., Bryant-Craig, C., Atkinson, J., Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2024) Pediatric traumatic brain injury and microvascular blood-brain barrier pathology. JAMA Network Open, 7(11), e2446767. (doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.46767) (PMID:39585695)

Lyall, D. M. , Russell, E. R., Ward, J. and Stewart, W. (2024) A history of traumatic brain injury is associated with poorer cognition and imaging evidence of altered white matter tract integrity in UK Biobank (n=50,376). Brain Communications, (Accepted for Publication)

Ward, J. et al. (2024) Head motion in the UK Biobank imaging subsample: longitudinal stability, associations with psychological and physical health, and risk of incomplete data. Brain Communications, 6(4), fcae220. (doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae220)

2023

Russell, E.R., Spencer, S.J., Atherton, C.M., Lyall, D.M. , Mackay, D.F. , Stewart, K., MacLean, J.A., Pell, J.P. and Stewart, W. (2023) Increased risk of lower limb osteoarthritis among former professional soccer (football) players. Occupational Medicine, 73(9), pp. 547-553. (doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqad132) (PMID:38070190) (PMCID:PMC10824258)

Stewart, W. et al. (2023) Risk of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in rugby union is associated with length of playing career. Acta Neuropathologica, (doi: 10.1007/s00401-023-02644-3) (PMID:37872234) (Early Online Publication)

Russell, E. R., Lyall, D. M. and Stewart, W. (2023) HEalth And Dementia outcomes following Traumatic Brain Injury (HEAD-TBI): protocol for a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open, 13(7), e073726. (doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073726) (PMID:37491097) (PMCID:PMC10373748)

Lee, E. B., Kennedy-Dietrich, C., Geddes, J. F., Nicoll, J. A.R., Revesz, T., Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2023) The perils of contact sport: pathologies of diffuse brain swelling and chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change in a 23-year-old rugby union player. Acta Neuropathologica, 145, pp. 847-850. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-023-02576-y) (PMID:37086326) (PMCID:PMC10175208)

Ward, J. et al. (2023) Testing for association between exonic glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor mutation with physical and brain health traits in UK Biobank. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 25(2), pp. 623-627. (doi: 10.1111/dom.14879) (PMID:36181450)

2022

Russell, E. R., Mackay, D. F. , Lyall, D. , Stewart, K., MacLean, J. A., Robson, J., Pell, J. P. and Stewart, W. (2022) Neurodegenerative disease risk among former international rugby union players. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 93(12), pp. 1262-1268. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2022-329675) (PMID:36195436)

Song, H. et al. (2022) Concussion leads to widespread axonal sodium channel loss and disruption of the node of Ranvier. Acta Neuropathologica, 144(5), pp. 967-985. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-022-02498-1) (PMID:36107227)

Koessinger, A. L. et al. (2022) Increased apoptotic sensitivity of glioblastoma enables therapeutic targeting by BH3-mimetics. Cell Death and Differentiation, 29(10), pp. 2089-2104. (doi: 10.1038/s41418-022-01001-3) (PMID:35473984) (PMCID:PMC9525582)

Ameen-Ali, K. E. et al. (2022) Detection of astrocytic tau pathology facilitates recognition of chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change. Acta Neuropathologica Communications, 10, 50. (doi: 10.1186/s40478-022-01353-4) (PMID:35410438) (PMCID:PMC8996534)

Lyall, D. M. , Quinn, T. , Lyall, L. M., Ward, J. , Anderson, J. J. , Smith, D. J. , Stewart, W. , Strawbridge, R. J. , Bailey, M. E.S. and Cullen, B. (2022) Quantifying bias in psychological and physical health in the UK Biobank imaging sub-sample. Brain Communications, 4(3), fcac119. (doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac119) (PMID:35651593) (PMCID:PMC9150072)

2021

Petermann-Rocha, F. et al. (2021) Dose-response association between device-measured physical activity and incident dementia: a prospective study from UK Biobank. BMC Medicine, 19, 305. (doi: 10.1186/s12916-021-02172-5)

Russell, E. R., Mackay, D. F. , Stewart, K., MacLean, J. A., Pell, J. P. and Stewart, W. (2021) Association of field position and career length with risk of neurodegenerative disease in male former professional soccer players. JAMA Neurology, 78(9), pp. 1057-1063. (doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.2403) (PMID:34338724) (PMCID:PMC8329793)

Koessinger, A. L. et al. (2021) Increased apoptotic priming of glioblastoma enables therapeutic targeting by BH3-mimetics. bioRxiv, (doi: 10.1101/2021.06.13.448232)

Bretzin, A. C., Covassin, T., Wiebe, D. J. and Stewart, W. (2021) Association of sex with adolescent soccer concussion incidence and characteristics. JAMA Network Open, 4(4), e218191. (doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.8191) (PMID:33904911) (PMCID:PMC8080231)

Smith, D. H. et al. (2021) COllaborative Neuropathology NEtwork Characterizing ouTcomes of TBI (CONNECT-TBI). Acta Neuropathologica Communications, 9, 32. (doi: 10.1186/s40478-021-01122-9) (PMID:33648593) (PMCID:PMC7919306)

Russell, E. P., McCabe, T. and Stewart, W. (2021) Not all adverse health outcomes in former contact sports athletes are concussion related. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 92(3), p. 229. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-324672) (PMID:33188135)

Stewart, W. (2021) Sport associated dementia: Prevention remains the only cure. British Medical Journal, 372, 168. (doi: 10.1136/bmj.n168) (PMID:33478970)

2020

Russell, E. R., McCabe, T., Mackay, D. F. , Stewart, K., MacLean, J. A., Pell, J. P. and Stewart, W. (2020) Mental health and suicide in former professional soccer players. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 91(12), pp. 1256-1260. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-323315) (PMID:32694163)

Morin, A., Mouzon, B., Ferguson, S., Paris, D., Browning, M., Stewart, W. , Mullan, M. and Crawford, F. (2020) Nilvadipine suppresses inflammation via inhibition of P-SYK and restores spatial memory deficits in a mouse model of repetitive mild TBI. Acta Neuropathologica Communications, 8, 166. (doi: 10.1186/s40478-020-01045-x) (PMID:33076989) (PMCID:PMC7574534)

Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2020) ‘Concussion’ is not a true diagnosis. Nature Reviews Neurology, 16(9), pp. 457-458. (doi: 10.1038/s41582-020-0382-y) (PMID:32647140)

Arena, J. D., Smith, D. H., Lee, E. B., Gibbons, G. S., Irwin, D. J., Robinson, J. L., Lee, V. M.-Y., Trojanowski, J. Q., Stewart, W. and Johnson, V. E. (2020) Tau Immunophenotypes in chronic traumatic encephalopathy recapitulate those of aging and Alzheimer’s disease. Brain, 143(5), (doi: 10.1093/brain/awaa071)

Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2020) Genetic interplay with soccer ball heading. Nature Reviews Neurology, 16(4), pp. 189-190. (doi: 10.1038/s41582-020-0334-6) (PMID:32152459)

Arena, J. D., Johnson, V. E., Lee, E. B., Gibbons, G. S., Smith, D. H., Trojanowski, J. Q. and Stewart, W. (2020) Astroglial tau pathology alone preferentially concentrates at sulcal depths in chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change. Brain Communications, 2(2), fcaa210. (doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcaa210) (PMID:33426528) (PMCID:PMC7784042)

2019

Mackay, D. F. , Russell, E. R., Stewart, K., MacLean, J. A., Pell, J. P. and Stewart, W. (2019) Neurodegenerative disease mortality among former professional soccer players. New England Journal of Medicine, 381(19), pp. 1801-1808. (doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1908483) (PMID:31633894)

Lee, E. B., Kinch, K., Johnson, V. E., Trojanowski, J. Q., Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2019) Chronic traumatic encephalopathy is a common co-morbidity, but less frequent primary dementia in former soccer and rugby players. Acta Neuropathologica, 138(3), pp. 389-399. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-019-02030-y) (PMID:31152201) (PMCID:PMC6689293)

Kinch, K., Fullerton, J. L. and Stewart, W. (2019) One-hundred years (and counting) of blast-associated traumatic brain injury. Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps, 165(3), pp. 180-182. (doi: 10.1136/jramc-2017-000867) (PMID:29326126)

Russell, E. R., Stewart, K., Mackay, D. F. , MacLean, J., Pell, J. P. and Stewart, W. (2019) Football’s InfluencE on Lifelong health and Dementia risk (FIELD): protocol for a retrospective cohort study of former professional footballers. BMJ Open, 9(5), e028654. (doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028654) (PMID:31123003) (PMCID:PMC6538057)

Rutherford, A., Stewart, W. and Bruno, D. (2019) Heading for trouble: is dementia a game changer for football? British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(6), pp. 321-322. (doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-097627) (PMID:28729242) (PMCID:PMC6579495)

Stewart, W. et al. (2019) Primum non nocere: a call for balance when reporting on CTE. Lancet Neurology, 18(3), pp. 231-233. (doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30020-1)

Mouzon, B., Bachmeier, C., Ojo, J. O., Acker, C., Ferguson, S., Crynen, G., Davies, P., Mullan, M., Stewart, W. and Crawford, F. (2019) Chronic white matter degeneration, but no tau pathology at 1-year post-repetitive mild traumatic brain injury in tau transgenic model. Journal of Neurotrauma, 36(4), pp. 576-588. (doi: 10.1089/neu.2018.5720) (PMID:29993324)

Smith, D. H., Johnson, V. E., Trojanowski, J. Q. and Stewart, W. (2019) Chronic traumatic encephalopathy — confusion and controversies. Nature Reviews Neurology, 15, pp. 179-183. (doi: 10.1038/s41582-018-0114-8) (PMID:30664683)

2018

Ojo, J. O., Leary, P., Lungmus, C., Algamal, M., Mouzon, B., Bachmeier, C., Mullan, M., Stewart, W. and Crawford, F. (2018) Subchronic pathobiological response following chronic repetitive mild traumatic brain injury in an aged preclinical model of amyloid pathogenesis. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 77(12), pp. 1144-1162. (doi: 10.1093/jnen/nly101) (PMID:30395237)

Giza, C. C., Stewart, W. and Prins, M. L. (2018) Building good policy from good science — the case for concussion and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. JAMA Pediatrics, 172(9), pp. 803-804. (doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.1645) (PMID:29987335)

Zanier, E. R. et al. (2018) Induction of a transmissible tau pathology by traumatic brain injury. Brain, 141(9), pp. 2685-2699. (doi: 10.1093/brain/awy193) (PMID:30084913) (PMCID:PMC6113646)

Edlow, B. L. et al. (2018) Multimodal characterization of the late effects of traumatic brain injury: a methodological overview of the Late Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury Project. Journal of Neurotrauma, 35(14), pp. 1604-1619. (doi: 10.1089/neu.2017.5457) (PMID:29421973)

Johnson, V. E., Weber, M. T., Xiao, R., Cullen, D. K., Meaney, D. F., Stewart, W. and Smith, D. H. (2018) Mechanical disruption of the blood-brain barrier following experimental concussion. Acta Neuropathologica, 135(5), pp. 711-726. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-018-1824-0) (PMID:29460006)

Pischiutta, F. et al. (2018) Single severe traumatic brain injury produces progressive pathology with ongoing contralateral white matter damage one year after injury. Experimental Neurology, 300, pp. 167-178. (doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.11.003) (PMID:29126888)

Mouzon, B. C. et al. (2018) Lifelong behavioral and neuropathological consequences of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, 5(1), pp. 64-80. (doi: 10.1002/acn3.510) (PMID:29376093) (PMCID:PMC5771321)

Mouzon, B. et al. (2018) Impact of age on acute post-TBI neuropathology in mice expressing humanized tau: a Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium Study. Brain Injury, 32(10), pp. 1285-1294. (doi: 10.1080/02699052.2018.1486457) (PMID:29927671)

2017

Ferguson, S. A. et al. (2017) Negative impact of female sex on outcomes from repetitive mild traumatic brain injury in hTau mice is age dependent: a Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium study. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 9, 416. (doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00416) (PMID:29311903) (PMCID:PMC5744460)

Maas, A. I. R. et al. (2017) Traumatic brain injury: integrated approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research. Lancet Neurology, 16(12), pp. 987-1048. (doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30371-X) (PMID:29122524)

Wilson, L., Stewart, W. , Dams-O'Connor, K., Diaz-Arrastia, R., Horton, L., Menon, D. K. and Polinder, S. (2017) The chronic and evolving neurological consequences of traumatic brain injury. Lancet Neurology, 16(10), pp. 813-825. (doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30279-X)

McMillan, T.M. , McSkimming, P., Wainman-Lefley, J., Maclean, L.M., Hay, J., McConnachie, A. and Stewart, W. (2017) Long-term health outcomes after exposure to repeated concussion in elite level: rugby union players. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 88(6), pp. 505-511. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-314279) (PMID:27951526)

Ferguson, S., Mouzon, B., Paris, D., Aponte, D., Abdullah, L., Stewart, W. , Mullan, M. and Crawford, F. (2017) Acute or delayed treatment with anatabine improves spatial memory and reduces pathological sequelae at late time-points after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurotrauma, 34(8), pp. 1676-1691. (doi: 10.1089/neu.2016.4636) (PMID:27889957)

Gouttebarge, V., Aoki, H., Lambert, M., Stewart, W. and Kerkhoffs, G. (2017) A history of concussions is associated with symptoms of common mental disorders in former male professional athletes across a range of sports. Physician and Sportsmedicine, 45(4), pp. 443-449. (doi: 10.1080/00913847.2017.1376572) (PMID:28870119)

Johnson, V. E., Stewart, W. , Arena, J. D. and Smith, D. H. (2017) Traumatic brain injury as a trigger of neurodegeneration. In: Beart, P., Robinson, M., Rattray, M. and Maragakis, N. J. (eds.) Neurodegenerative Diseases: Pathology, Mechanisms, and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Series: Advances in neurobiology, 15 (15). Springer International Publishing, pp. 383-400. ISBN 9783319571911 (doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-57193-5_15)

2016

Di Virgilio, T. G., Hunter, A., Wilson, L., Stewart, W. , Goodall, S., Howatson, G., Donaldson, D. I. and Ietswaart, M. (2016) Evidence for acute electrophysiological and cognitive changes following routine soccer heading. EBioMedicine, 13, pp. 66-71. (doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.10.029) (PMID:27789273)

Rampling, R. et al. (2016) A Cancer Research UK first time in human phase I trial of IMA950 (novel multi peptide therapeutic vaccine) in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Clinical Cancer Research, 22(19), pp. 4776-4785. (doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-0506) (PMID:27225692) (PMCID:PMC5026298)

Cnossen, M. C., Polinder, S., Lingsma, H. F., Maas, A. I. R., Menon, D., Steyerberg, E. W. and Stewart, W. (2016) Variation in structure and process of care in traumatic brain injury: provider profiles of European Neurotrauma centers participating in the CENTER-TBI study. PLoS ONE, 11(8), e0161367. (doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161367) (PMID:27571205) (PMCID:PMC5003388)

Stewart, W. and Smith, D. H. (2016) Time to be blunt about blast traumatic brain injury. Lancet Neurology, 15(9), pp. 896-898. (doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30058-8) (PMID:27291519)

Ojo, J. O. et al. (2016) Chronic repetitive mild traumatic brain injury results in reduced cerebral blood flow, axonal injury, gliosis, and increased T-Tau and Tau oligomers. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 75(7), pp. 636-655. (doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlw035) (PMID:27251042)

Lopez Gonzalez, M.R., Foo, S.Y., Holmes, W.M. , Stewart, W. , Condon, B., Muir, K.W. , Welch, G. and Forbes, K.P. (2016) Atherosclerotic carotid plaque composition: a 3T and 7T MRI-histology correlation study. Journal of Neuroimaging, 26(4), pp. 406-413. (doi: 10.1111/jon.12332) (PMID:26919134)

Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2016) Tackling concussion, beyond Hollywood. Lancet Neurology, 15(7), pp. 662-663. (doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30037-0) (PMID:27302233)

Hay, J., Johnson, V. E., Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2016) Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: the neuropathological legacy of traumatic brain injury. Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease, 11(1), pp. 21-45. (doi: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-012615-044116) (PMID:26772317)

Calderwood, C., Murray, A. D. and Stewart, W. (2016) Turning people into couch potatoes is not the cure for sports concussion. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(4), pp. 200-201. (doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-095393) (PMID:26405112)

Ali, Z. S., Johnson, V. E., Stewart, W. , Zager, E. L., Xiao, R., Heuer, G. G., Weber, M. T., Mallela, A. N. and Smith, D. H. (2016) Neuropathological characteristics of brachial plexus avulsion injury with and without concomitant spinal cord injury. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 75(1), pp. 69-85. (doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlv002) (PMID:26671984)

Stewart, W. , McNamara, P.H., Lawlor, B., Hutchinson, S. and Farrell, M. (2016) Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a potential late and under recognized consequence of rugby union? QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 109(1), pp. 11-15. (doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcv070) (PMID:25998165)

Johnson, V. E., Stewart, W. , Weber, M. T., Cullen, D. K., Siman, R. and Smith, D. H. (2016) SNTF immunostaining reveals previously undetected axonal pathology in traumatic brain injury. Acta Neuropathologica, 131(1), pp. 115-135. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-015-1506-0) (PMID:26589592)

McKee, A. C. et al. (2016) The first NINDS/NIBIB consensus meeting to define neuropathological criteria for the diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Acta Neuropathologica, 131(1), pp. 75-86. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-015-1515-z) (PMID:26667418) (PMCID:PMC4698281)

2015

Hay, J. R., Johnson, V. E., Young, A. M.H., Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2015) Blood-brain barrier disruption is an early event that may persist for many years after traumatic brain injury in humans. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 74(12), pp. 1147-1157. (doi: 10.1097/NEN.0000000000000261) (PMID:26574669)

Malek, N., Stewart, W. and Greene, J. (2015) The progressive myoclonic epilepsies. Practical Neurology, 15(3), pp. 164-171. (doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2014-000994) (PMID:25720773)

Johnson, V. E. and Stewart, W. (2015) Traumatic brain injury: Age at injury influences dementia risk after TBI. Nature Reviews Neurology, 11(3), pp. 128-130. (doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.241) (PMID:25534914)

Maas, A. I.R., Menon, D. K., Steyerberg, E. W., Citerio, G., Lecky, F., Manley, G. T., Hill, S., Legrand, V., Sorgner, A. and Stewart, W. (2015) Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI): A prospective longitudinal observational study. Neurosurgery, 76(1), pp. 67-80. (doi: 10.1227/NEU.0000000000000575) (PMID:25525693)

2014

Chaouch, A. et al. (2014) Two recurrent mutations are associated with GNE myopathy in the North of Britain. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 85(12), pp. 1359-1365. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2013-306314) (PMID:24695763)

Marttila, M. et al. (2014) Mutation update and genotype-phenotype correlations of novel and previously described mutations in TPM2 and TPM3 causing congenital myopathies. Human Mutation, 35(7), pp. 779-790. (doi: 10.1002/humu.22554) (PMID:24692096) (PMCID:PMC4200603)

Teo, M., Clark, B., MacKinnon, M., Stewart, W. , Paul, J. and St George, J. (2014) The validity of EORTC GBM prognostic calculator on survival of GBM patients in the West of Scotland. British Journal of Neurosurgery, 28(3), pp. 356-362. (doi: 10.3109/02688697.2013.847171) (PMID:24111707)

Teo, M., Martin, S., Owusu-Agyemang, K., Nowicki, S., Clark, B., Mackinnon, M., Stewart, W. , Paul, J. and St George, J. (2014) A survival analysis of GBM patients in the West of Scotland pre- and post-introduction of the Stupp regime. British Journal of Neurosurgery, 28(3), pp. 351-355. (doi: 10.3109/02688697.2013.847170) (PMID:24111708)

Abbasi, H., Bell, S.L., Stewart, W. , Neelakantan, A. and Webb, S. (2014) A mystery solved. Practical Neurology, 14(2), pp. 107-109. (doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2013-000638) (PMID:24222692)

Mouzon, B. C., Bachmeier, C., Ferro, A., Ojo, J.-O., Crynen, G., Acker, C. M., Davies, P., Mullan, M., Stewart, W. and Crawford, F. (2014) Chronic neuropathological and neurobehavioral changes in a repetitive mild traumatic brain injury model. Annals of Neurology, 75(2), pp. 241-254. (doi: 10.1002/ana.24064) (PMID:24243523)

Hong, Y.T. et al. (2014) Amyloid imaging with carbon 11–labeled pittsburgh compound b for traumatic brain injury. JAMA Neurology, 71(1), pp. 23-31. (doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.4847) (PMID:24217171) (PMCID:PMC4084932)

2013

Mouzon, B., Chaytow, H., Crynen, G., Bachmeier, C., Stewart, J., Mullan, M., Stewart, W. and Crawford, F. (2013) Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury in a mouse model produces learning and memory deficits accompanied by histological changes. Journal of Neurotrauma, 29(18), pp. 2761-2773. (doi: 10.1089/neu.2012.2498)

Johnson, V.E., Stewart, W. and Smith, D.H. (2013) Axonal pathology in traumatic brain injury. Experimental Neurology, 246, pp. 35-43. (doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.01.013)

Muirhead, R., Murray, E.C., Bell, S.L., Stewart, W. and James, A. (2013) Is there a role for radiotherapy in the primary management of primary central nervous system lymphoma? A single-centre case series. Clinical Oncology, 25(7), pp. 400-405. (doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2013.04.007)

Henderson, M. et al. (2013) Recessive desmin-null muscular dystrophy with central nuclei and mitochondrial abnormalities. Acta Neuropathologica, 125(6), pp. 917-919. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-013-1113-x)

Lamb, R., Digby, S., Stewart, W. and Drummond, A. (2013) Cutaneous ulceration: more than skin deep? Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, 38(4), pp. 443-445. (doi: 10.1111/ced.12082) (PMID:23496323)

Smith, D.H., Johnson, V.E. and Stewart, W. (2013) Chronic neuropathologies of single and repetitive TBI: substrates of dementia? Nature Reviews Neurology, 9(4), pp. 211-221. (doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2013.29)

Johnson, V. E., Stewart, J. E., Begbie, F. D., Trojanowski, J. Q., Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2013) Inflammation and white matter degeneration persist for years after a single traumatic brain injury. Brain, 136, pp. 28-42. (doi: 10.1093/brain/aws322) (PMCID:PMC3562078)

2012

Teo, M.K., Mathieson, C., Carruthers, R. , Stewart, W. and Alakandy, L. (2012) Cauda equina lymphoma – a rare presentation of primary central nervous system lymphoma: case report and literature review. British Journal of Neurosurgery, 26(6), pp. 868-871. (doi: 10.3109/02688697.2012.697225)

Tang-Schomer, M. D., Johnson, V. E., Baas, P. W., Stewart, W. and Smith, D. H. (2012) Partial interruption of axonal transport due to microtubule breakage accounts for the formation of periodic varicosities after traumatic axonal injury. Experimental Neurology, 233(1), pp. 364-372. (doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.10.030) (PMID:22079153) (PMCID:PMC3979336)

Johnson, V.E., Stewart, W. and Smith, D.H. (2012) Widespread tau and amyloid-beta pathology many years after a single traumatic brain injury in humans. Brain Pathology, 22(2), pp. 142-149. (doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2011.00513.x)

Bell, S.L., Hanzely, Z., Alakandy, L.M., Jackson, R. and Stewart, W. (2012) Primary meningeal histiocytic sarcoma: a report of two unusual cases. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology, 38(1), pp. 111-114. (doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2011.01205.x)

Bell, S.L., Suttner, N.J. and Stewart, W. (2012) An unusual intraventricular tumor. Neuropathology, 32(3), pp. 311-313. (doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2011.01247.x)

Goodfellow, J. A., Dani, K., Stewart, W. , Santosh, C., McLean, J., Mulhern, S. and Razvi, S. (2012) Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes: an important cause of stroke in young people. Postgraduate Medical Journal, (doi: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2011-130326)

2011

Johnson, V. E., Stewart, W. , Trojanowski, J. Q. and Smith, D. H. (2011) Acute and chronically increased immunoreactivity to phosphorylation-independent but not pathological TDP-43 after a single traumatic brain injury in humans. Acta Neuropathologica, 122(6), pp. 715-726. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-011-0909-9) (PMCID:PMC3979333)

Behbahani, M., St. George, E.J., Dunn, L.T., Hadley, D.M. and Stewart, W. (2011) Atypical adult medulloblastoma. Acta Neurochirurgica, 153(7), pp. 1511-1517. (doi: 10.1007/s00701-011-1040-3)

McEwan, K., McAdam, J. and Stewart, W. (2011) Regional neuropathology referral practice before and after new organ retention legislation. Forensic Science International, 211(1-3), e9-e11. (doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.04.026)

2010

Behbahani, M., Ahmad, F.U., Siddiqui, M.A., Stewart, W. and Alakandy, L.M. (2010) Transjugular extension of meningioma into the mediastinum—a case report. Acta Neurochirurgica, 152(1), pp. 151-154. (doi: 10.1007/s00701-009-0359-5)

Johnson, V.E., Stewart, W. and Smith, D.H. (2010) Traumatic brain injury and amyloid-β pathology: a link to Alzheimer's disease? Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11, pp. 361-370. (doi: 10.1038/nrn2808)

Sav, A., Scheithauer, B.W., Taylor, W.A.S., Miller, G. and Stewart, W. (2010) Intraosseous soft tissue perineurioma: report of a vertebral example. Clinical Neuropathology, 29(2), pp. 94-99. (doi: 10.5414/NPP29094)

2009

French, P.J., Barlow, A., Barlow, P., Jampana, R.V. and Stewart, W. (2009) A case of pilomyxoid astrocytoma presenting with CSF rhinorrhoea in a 15-year-old. British Journal of Neurosurgery, 23(5), pp. 545-547. (doi: 10.1080/02688690902814733)

Johnson, V., Stewart, W. , Graham, D., Stewart, J., Praestgaard, A. and Smith, D. (2009) A Neprilysin Polymorphism and Amyloid-beta Plaques after Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Neurotrauma, 26(8), pp. 1197-1202.

Mathieson, C.S., St George, E.J., Stewart, W. , Sastry, J. and Jamal, S. (2009) Primary intracranial leiomyosarcoma: a case report and review of the literature. Child's Nervous System, 25(8), pp. 1013-1017. (doi: 10.1007/s00381-009-0845-3)

Schulz, U.G., Thomas, S.R. and Stewart, W. (2009) A difficult case solved at autopsy: memory loss, behavioural change and seizures. Practical Neurology, 9(2), pp. 90-95. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2008.166165)

2008

MacKenzie, S. M. , Dewar, D. , Stewart, W. , Fraser, R., Connell, J. M. C. and Davies, E. (2008) The transcription of steroidogenic genes in the human cerebellum and hippocampus: a comparative survey of normal and Alzheimer's tissue. Journal of Endocrinology, 196(1), pp. 123-130. (doi: 10.1677/JOE-07-0427)

Barlow, A., Robertson, M., Doig, A., Stewart, W. and Drummond, M.W. (2008) Isolated central nervous system lymphoid blast crisis in chronic myeloid leukaemia in major molecular remission. British Journal of Haematology, 142(3), p. 327. (doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07136.x)

2007

Balsitis, M., Cooke, A., Griffiths, S., Onen, N.F., Shah, A.A., Stewart, W. , Traynor, J.P., Upadhyaya, M. and Tobias, E. S. (2007) Gastric carcinoid: germline and somatic mutation of the neurofibromatosis type 1 gene. Familial Cancer, 6(1), pp. 147-152. (doi: 10.1007/s10689-006-9002-2)

Barlow, A. and Stewart, W. (2007) The pathology of raised intracranial pressure. Advances in Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, 7(5), pp. 25-27.

2006

Ferguson, M., Stewart, W. , Cowie, F. and White, J. (2006) Late-onset meningeal metastases in liposarcoma: A case report and review of the literature. Sarcoma, 2006(23039), pp. 1-3. (doi: 10.1155/SRCM/2006/23039)

2004

Robinson, S. and Stewart, W. (2004) Inflammatory diseases of the CNS II: Meningitis and cerebral abscess. Advances in Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, 4(4), pp. 38-40.

Stewart, W. , Black, M., Kalimo, H. and Graham, D.I. (2004) Non-traumatic forensic neuropathology. Forensic Science International, 146(2-3), pp. 125-147. (doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.06.025)

2003

Sivaji, N., Basavaraj, S., Stewart, W. and Dempster, J. (2003) Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the nasal septum. Rhinology, 41(4), pp. 253-254.

Stewart, W. and Maxwell, D.J. (2003) Distribution of and organisation of dorsal horn neuronal cell bodies that possess the muscarinic m2 acetylcholine receptor. Neuroscience, 119(1), pp. 121-135. (doi: 10.1016/S0306-4522(03)00116-7)

2002

Spike, R.C., Puskar, Z., Sakamoto, H., Stewart, W. , Watt, C. and Todd, A.J. (2002) MOR-1-immunoreactive neurons in the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord: evidence for nonsynaptic innervation by substance P-containing primary afferents and for selective activation by noxious thermal stimuli. European Journal of Neuroscience, 15(8), pp. 1306-1316. (doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.01969.x)

2000

Stewart, W. and Maxwell, D.J. (2000) Morphological evidence for selective modulation by serotonin of a subpopulation of dorsal horn cells which possess the neurokinin-1 receptor. European Journal of Neuroscience, 12(12), pp. 4583-4588. (doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2000.01350.x)

1999

Welton, J., Stewart, W. , Kerr, R. and Maxwell, D.J. (1999) Differential expression of the muscarinic m2 acetylcholine receptor by small and large motoneurons of the rat spinal cord. Brain Research, 817(1-2), pp. 215-219. (doi: 10.1016/S0006-8993(98)01208-6)

1991

McKie, A.T., Stewart, W. and Lucas, M.L. (1991) The effect of sodium deoxycholate and other surfactants on the mucosal surface pH in proximal jejunum or rat. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 343(6), pp. 659-664. (doi: 10.1007/BF00184299)

Articles

Russell, E. R., Lyall, D. M. , Mackay, D. F. , Cronin, K., Stewart, K., MacLean, J. A., Pell, J. P. and Stewart, W. (2024) Health and lifestyle factors and dementia risk among former professional soccer players. JAMA Network Open, 7(12), e2449742. (doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49742) (PMID:39652348)

Fullerton, J. L. , Hay, J., Bryant-Craig, C., Atkinson, J., Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2024) Pediatric traumatic brain injury and microvascular blood-brain barrier pathology. JAMA Network Open, 7(11), e2446767. (doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.46767) (PMID:39585695)

Lyall, D. M. , Russell, E. R., Ward, J. and Stewart, W. (2024) A history of traumatic brain injury is associated with poorer cognition and imaging evidence of altered white matter tract integrity in UK Biobank (n=50,376). Brain Communications, (Accepted for Publication)

Ward, J. et al. (2024) Head motion in the UK Biobank imaging subsample: longitudinal stability, associations with psychological and physical health, and risk of incomplete data. Brain Communications, 6(4), fcae220. (doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae220)

Russell, E.R., Spencer, S.J., Atherton, C.M., Lyall, D.M. , Mackay, D.F. , Stewart, K., MacLean, J.A., Pell, J.P. and Stewart, W. (2023) Increased risk of lower limb osteoarthritis among former professional soccer (football) players. Occupational Medicine, 73(9), pp. 547-553. (doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqad132) (PMID:38070190) (PMCID:PMC10824258)

Stewart, W. et al. (2023) Risk of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in rugby union is associated with length of playing career. Acta Neuropathologica, (doi: 10.1007/s00401-023-02644-3) (PMID:37872234) (Early Online Publication)

Russell, E. R., Lyall, D. M. and Stewart, W. (2023) HEalth And Dementia outcomes following Traumatic Brain Injury (HEAD-TBI): protocol for a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open, 13(7), e073726. (doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073726) (PMID:37491097) (PMCID:PMC10373748)

Lee, E. B., Kennedy-Dietrich, C., Geddes, J. F., Nicoll, J. A.R., Revesz, T., Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2023) The perils of contact sport: pathologies of diffuse brain swelling and chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change in a 23-year-old rugby union player. Acta Neuropathologica, 145, pp. 847-850. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-023-02576-y) (PMID:37086326) (PMCID:PMC10175208)

Ward, J. et al. (2023) Testing for association between exonic glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor mutation with physical and brain health traits in UK Biobank. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 25(2), pp. 623-627. (doi: 10.1111/dom.14879) (PMID:36181450)

Russell, E. R., Mackay, D. F. , Lyall, D. , Stewart, K., MacLean, J. A., Robson, J., Pell, J. P. and Stewart, W. (2022) Neurodegenerative disease risk among former international rugby union players. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 93(12), pp. 1262-1268. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2022-329675) (PMID:36195436)

Song, H. et al. (2022) Concussion leads to widespread axonal sodium channel loss and disruption of the node of Ranvier. Acta Neuropathologica, 144(5), pp. 967-985. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-022-02498-1) (PMID:36107227)

Koessinger, A. L. et al. (2022) Increased apoptotic sensitivity of glioblastoma enables therapeutic targeting by BH3-mimetics. Cell Death and Differentiation, 29(10), pp. 2089-2104. (doi: 10.1038/s41418-022-01001-3) (PMID:35473984) (PMCID:PMC9525582)

Ameen-Ali, K. E. et al. (2022) Detection of astrocytic tau pathology facilitates recognition of chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change. Acta Neuropathologica Communications, 10, 50. (doi: 10.1186/s40478-022-01353-4) (PMID:35410438) (PMCID:PMC8996534)

Lyall, D. M. , Quinn, T. , Lyall, L. M., Ward, J. , Anderson, J. J. , Smith, D. J. , Stewart, W. , Strawbridge, R. J. , Bailey, M. E.S. and Cullen, B. (2022) Quantifying bias in psychological and physical health in the UK Biobank imaging sub-sample. Brain Communications, 4(3), fcac119. (doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac119) (PMID:35651593) (PMCID:PMC9150072)

Petermann-Rocha, F. et al. (2021) Dose-response association between device-measured physical activity and incident dementia: a prospective study from UK Biobank. BMC Medicine, 19, 305. (doi: 10.1186/s12916-021-02172-5)

Russell, E. R., Mackay, D. F. , Stewart, K., MacLean, J. A., Pell, J. P. and Stewart, W. (2021) Association of field position and career length with risk of neurodegenerative disease in male former professional soccer players. JAMA Neurology, 78(9), pp. 1057-1063. (doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.2403) (PMID:34338724) (PMCID:PMC8329793)

Koessinger, A. L. et al. (2021) Increased apoptotic priming of glioblastoma enables therapeutic targeting by BH3-mimetics. bioRxiv, (doi: 10.1101/2021.06.13.448232)

Bretzin, A. C., Covassin, T., Wiebe, D. J. and Stewart, W. (2021) Association of sex with adolescent soccer concussion incidence and characteristics. JAMA Network Open, 4(4), e218191. (doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.8191) (PMID:33904911) (PMCID:PMC8080231)

Smith, D. H. et al. (2021) COllaborative Neuropathology NEtwork Characterizing ouTcomes of TBI (CONNECT-TBI). Acta Neuropathologica Communications, 9, 32. (doi: 10.1186/s40478-021-01122-9) (PMID:33648593) (PMCID:PMC7919306)

Russell, E. P., McCabe, T. and Stewart, W. (2021) Not all adverse health outcomes in former contact sports athletes are concussion related. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 92(3), p. 229. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-324672) (PMID:33188135)

Stewart, W. (2021) Sport associated dementia: Prevention remains the only cure. British Medical Journal, 372, 168. (doi: 10.1136/bmj.n168) (PMID:33478970)

Russell, E. R., McCabe, T., Mackay, D. F. , Stewart, K., MacLean, J. A., Pell, J. P. and Stewart, W. (2020) Mental health and suicide in former professional soccer players. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 91(12), pp. 1256-1260. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-323315) (PMID:32694163)

Morin, A., Mouzon, B., Ferguson, S., Paris, D., Browning, M., Stewart, W. , Mullan, M. and Crawford, F. (2020) Nilvadipine suppresses inflammation via inhibition of P-SYK and restores spatial memory deficits in a mouse model of repetitive mild TBI. Acta Neuropathologica Communications, 8, 166. (doi: 10.1186/s40478-020-01045-x) (PMID:33076989) (PMCID:PMC7574534)

Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2020) ‘Concussion’ is not a true diagnosis. Nature Reviews Neurology, 16(9), pp. 457-458. (doi: 10.1038/s41582-020-0382-y) (PMID:32647140)

Arena, J. D., Smith, D. H., Lee, E. B., Gibbons, G. S., Irwin, D. J., Robinson, J. L., Lee, V. M.-Y., Trojanowski, J. Q., Stewart, W. and Johnson, V. E. (2020) Tau Immunophenotypes in chronic traumatic encephalopathy recapitulate those of aging and Alzheimer’s disease. Brain, 143(5), (doi: 10.1093/brain/awaa071)

Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2020) Genetic interplay with soccer ball heading. Nature Reviews Neurology, 16(4), pp. 189-190. (doi: 10.1038/s41582-020-0334-6) (PMID:32152459)

Arena, J. D., Johnson, V. E., Lee, E. B., Gibbons, G. S., Smith, D. H., Trojanowski, J. Q. and Stewart, W. (2020) Astroglial tau pathology alone preferentially concentrates at sulcal depths in chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change. Brain Communications, 2(2), fcaa210. (doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcaa210) (PMID:33426528) (PMCID:PMC7784042)

Mackay, D. F. , Russell, E. R., Stewart, K., MacLean, J. A., Pell, J. P. and Stewart, W. (2019) Neurodegenerative disease mortality among former professional soccer players. New England Journal of Medicine, 381(19), pp. 1801-1808. (doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1908483) (PMID:31633894)

Lee, E. B., Kinch, K., Johnson, V. E., Trojanowski, J. Q., Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2019) Chronic traumatic encephalopathy is a common co-morbidity, but less frequent primary dementia in former soccer and rugby players. Acta Neuropathologica, 138(3), pp. 389-399. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-019-02030-y) (PMID:31152201) (PMCID:PMC6689293)

Kinch, K., Fullerton, J. L. and Stewart, W. (2019) One-hundred years (and counting) of blast-associated traumatic brain injury. Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps, 165(3), pp. 180-182. (doi: 10.1136/jramc-2017-000867) (PMID:29326126)

Russell, E. R., Stewart, K., Mackay, D. F. , MacLean, J., Pell, J. P. and Stewart, W. (2019) Football’s InfluencE on Lifelong health and Dementia risk (FIELD): protocol for a retrospective cohort study of former professional footballers. BMJ Open, 9(5), e028654. (doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028654) (PMID:31123003) (PMCID:PMC6538057)

Rutherford, A., Stewart, W. and Bruno, D. (2019) Heading for trouble: is dementia a game changer for football? British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(6), pp. 321-322. (doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-097627) (PMID:28729242) (PMCID:PMC6579495)

Stewart, W. et al. (2019) Primum non nocere: a call for balance when reporting on CTE. Lancet Neurology, 18(3), pp. 231-233. (doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30020-1)

Mouzon, B., Bachmeier, C., Ojo, J. O., Acker, C., Ferguson, S., Crynen, G., Davies, P., Mullan, M., Stewart, W. and Crawford, F. (2019) Chronic white matter degeneration, but no tau pathology at 1-year post-repetitive mild traumatic brain injury in tau transgenic model. Journal of Neurotrauma, 36(4), pp. 576-588. (doi: 10.1089/neu.2018.5720) (PMID:29993324)

Smith, D. H., Johnson, V. E., Trojanowski, J. Q. and Stewart, W. (2019) Chronic traumatic encephalopathy — confusion and controversies. Nature Reviews Neurology, 15, pp. 179-183. (doi: 10.1038/s41582-018-0114-8) (PMID:30664683)

Ojo, J. O., Leary, P., Lungmus, C., Algamal, M., Mouzon, B., Bachmeier, C., Mullan, M., Stewart, W. and Crawford, F. (2018) Subchronic pathobiological response following chronic repetitive mild traumatic brain injury in an aged preclinical model of amyloid pathogenesis. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 77(12), pp. 1144-1162. (doi: 10.1093/jnen/nly101) (PMID:30395237)

Giza, C. C., Stewart, W. and Prins, M. L. (2018) Building good policy from good science — the case for concussion and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. JAMA Pediatrics, 172(9), pp. 803-804. (doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.1645) (PMID:29987335)

Zanier, E. R. et al. (2018) Induction of a transmissible tau pathology by traumatic brain injury. Brain, 141(9), pp. 2685-2699. (doi: 10.1093/brain/awy193) (PMID:30084913) (PMCID:PMC6113646)

Edlow, B. L. et al. (2018) Multimodal characterization of the late effects of traumatic brain injury: a methodological overview of the Late Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury Project. Journal of Neurotrauma, 35(14), pp. 1604-1619. (doi: 10.1089/neu.2017.5457) (PMID:29421973)

Johnson, V. E., Weber, M. T., Xiao, R., Cullen, D. K., Meaney, D. F., Stewart, W. and Smith, D. H. (2018) Mechanical disruption of the blood-brain barrier following experimental concussion. Acta Neuropathologica, 135(5), pp. 711-726. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-018-1824-0) (PMID:29460006)

Pischiutta, F. et al. (2018) Single severe traumatic brain injury produces progressive pathology with ongoing contralateral white matter damage one year after injury. Experimental Neurology, 300, pp. 167-178. (doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.11.003) (PMID:29126888)

Mouzon, B. C. et al. (2018) Lifelong behavioral and neuropathological consequences of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, 5(1), pp. 64-80. (doi: 10.1002/acn3.510) (PMID:29376093) (PMCID:PMC5771321)

Mouzon, B. et al. (2018) Impact of age on acute post-TBI neuropathology in mice expressing humanized tau: a Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium Study. Brain Injury, 32(10), pp. 1285-1294. (doi: 10.1080/02699052.2018.1486457) (PMID:29927671)

Ferguson, S. A. et al. (2017) Negative impact of female sex on outcomes from repetitive mild traumatic brain injury in hTau mice is age dependent: a Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium study. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 9, 416. (doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00416) (PMID:29311903) (PMCID:PMC5744460)

Maas, A. I. R. et al. (2017) Traumatic brain injury: integrated approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research. Lancet Neurology, 16(12), pp. 987-1048. (doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30371-X) (PMID:29122524)

Wilson, L., Stewart, W. , Dams-O'Connor, K., Diaz-Arrastia, R., Horton, L., Menon, D. K. and Polinder, S. (2017) The chronic and evolving neurological consequences of traumatic brain injury. Lancet Neurology, 16(10), pp. 813-825. (doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30279-X)

McMillan, T.M. , McSkimming, P., Wainman-Lefley, J., Maclean, L.M., Hay, J., McConnachie, A. and Stewart, W. (2017) Long-term health outcomes after exposure to repeated concussion in elite level: rugby union players. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 88(6), pp. 505-511. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-314279) (PMID:27951526)

Ferguson, S., Mouzon, B., Paris, D., Aponte, D., Abdullah, L., Stewart, W. , Mullan, M. and Crawford, F. (2017) Acute or delayed treatment with anatabine improves spatial memory and reduces pathological sequelae at late time-points after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurotrauma, 34(8), pp. 1676-1691. (doi: 10.1089/neu.2016.4636) (PMID:27889957)

Gouttebarge, V., Aoki, H., Lambert, M., Stewart, W. and Kerkhoffs, G. (2017) A history of concussions is associated with symptoms of common mental disorders in former male professional athletes across a range of sports. Physician and Sportsmedicine, 45(4), pp. 443-449. (doi: 10.1080/00913847.2017.1376572) (PMID:28870119)

Di Virgilio, T. G., Hunter, A., Wilson, L., Stewart, W. , Goodall, S., Howatson, G., Donaldson, D. I. and Ietswaart, M. (2016) Evidence for acute electrophysiological and cognitive changes following routine soccer heading. EBioMedicine, 13, pp. 66-71. (doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.10.029) (PMID:27789273)

Rampling, R. et al. (2016) A Cancer Research UK first time in human phase I trial of IMA950 (novel multi peptide therapeutic vaccine) in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Clinical Cancer Research, 22(19), pp. 4776-4785. (doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-0506) (PMID:27225692) (PMCID:PMC5026298)

Cnossen, M. C., Polinder, S., Lingsma, H. F., Maas, A. I. R., Menon, D., Steyerberg, E. W. and Stewart, W. (2016) Variation in structure and process of care in traumatic brain injury: provider profiles of European Neurotrauma centers participating in the CENTER-TBI study. PLoS ONE, 11(8), e0161367. (doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161367) (PMID:27571205) (PMCID:PMC5003388)

Stewart, W. and Smith, D. H. (2016) Time to be blunt about blast traumatic brain injury. Lancet Neurology, 15(9), pp. 896-898. (doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30058-8) (PMID:27291519)

Ojo, J. O. et al. (2016) Chronic repetitive mild traumatic brain injury results in reduced cerebral blood flow, axonal injury, gliosis, and increased T-Tau and Tau oligomers. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 75(7), pp. 636-655. (doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlw035) (PMID:27251042)

Lopez Gonzalez, M.R., Foo, S.Y., Holmes, W.M. , Stewart, W. , Condon, B., Muir, K.W. , Welch, G. and Forbes, K.P. (2016) Atherosclerotic carotid plaque composition: a 3T and 7T MRI-histology correlation study. Journal of Neuroimaging, 26(4), pp. 406-413. (doi: 10.1111/jon.12332) (PMID:26919134)

Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2016) Tackling concussion, beyond Hollywood. Lancet Neurology, 15(7), pp. 662-663. (doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30037-0) (PMID:27302233)

Hay, J., Johnson, V. E., Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2016) Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: the neuropathological legacy of traumatic brain injury. Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease, 11(1), pp. 21-45. (doi: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-012615-044116) (PMID:26772317)

Calderwood, C., Murray, A. D. and Stewart, W. (2016) Turning people into couch potatoes is not the cure for sports concussion. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(4), pp. 200-201. (doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-095393) (PMID:26405112)

Ali, Z. S., Johnson, V. E., Stewart, W. , Zager, E. L., Xiao, R., Heuer, G. G., Weber, M. T., Mallela, A. N. and Smith, D. H. (2016) Neuropathological characteristics of brachial plexus avulsion injury with and without concomitant spinal cord injury. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 75(1), pp. 69-85. (doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlv002) (PMID:26671984)

Stewart, W. , McNamara, P.H., Lawlor, B., Hutchinson, S. and Farrell, M. (2016) Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a potential late and under recognized consequence of rugby union? QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 109(1), pp. 11-15. (doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcv070) (PMID:25998165)

Johnson, V. E., Stewart, W. , Weber, M. T., Cullen, D. K., Siman, R. and Smith, D. H. (2016) SNTF immunostaining reveals previously undetected axonal pathology in traumatic brain injury. Acta Neuropathologica, 131(1), pp. 115-135. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-015-1506-0) (PMID:26589592)

McKee, A. C. et al. (2016) The first NINDS/NIBIB consensus meeting to define neuropathological criteria for the diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Acta Neuropathologica, 131(1), pp. 75-86. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-015-1515-z) (PMID:26667418) (PMCID:PMC4698281)

Hay, J. R., Johnson, V. E., Young, A. M.H., Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2015) Blood-brain barrier disruption is an early event that may persist for many years after traumatic brain injury in humans. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 74(12), pp. 1147-1157. (doi: 10.1097/NEN.0000000000000261) (PMID:26574669)

Malek, N., Stewart, W. and Greene, J. (2015) The progressive myoclonic epilepsies. Practical Neurology, 15(3), pp. 164-171. (doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2014-000994) (PMID:25720773)

Johnson, V. E. and Stewart, W. (2015) Traumatic brain injury: Age at injury influences dementia risk after TBI. Nature Reviews Neurology, 11(3), pp. 128-130. (doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.241) (PMID:25534914)

Maas, A. I.R., Menon, D. K., Steyerberg, E. W., Citerio, G., Lecky, F., Manley, G. T., Hill, S., Legrand, V., Sorgner, A. and Stewart, W. (2015) Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI): A prospective longitudinal observational study. Neurosurgery, 76(1), pp. 67-80. (doi: 10.1227/NEU.0000000000000575) (PMID:25525693)

Chaouch, A. et al. (2014) Two recurrent mutations are associated with GNE myopathy in the North of Britain. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 85(12), pp. 1359-1365. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2013-306314) (PMID:24695763)

Marttila, M. et al. (2014) Mutation update and genotype-phenotype correlations of novel and previously described mutations in TPM2 and TPM3 causing congenital myopathies. Human Mutation, 35(7), pp. 779-790. (doi: 10.1002/humu.22554) (PMID:24692096) (PMCID:PMC4200603)

Teo, M., Clark, B., MacKinnon, M., Stewart, W. , Paul, J. and St George, J. (2014) The validity of EORTC GBM prognostic calculator on survival of GBM patients in the West of Scotland. British Journal of Neurosurgery, 28(3), pp. 356-362. (doi: 10.3109/02688697.2013.847171) (PMID:24111707)

Teo, M., Martin, S., Owusu-Agyemang, K., Nowicki, S., Clark, B., Mackinnon, M., Stewart, W. , Paul, J. and St George, J. (2014) A survival analysis of GBM patients in the West of Scotland pre- and post-introduction of the Stupp regime. British Journal of Neurosurgery, 28(3), pp. 351-355. (doi: 10.3109/02688697.2013.847170) (PMID:24111708)

Abbasi, H., Bell, S.L., Stewart, W. , Neelakantan, A. and Webb, S. (2014) A mystery solved. Practical Neurology, 14(2), pp. 107-109. (doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2013-000638) (PMID:24222692)

Mouzon, B. C., Bachmeier, C., Ferro, A., Ojo, J.-O., Crynen, G., Acker, C. M., Davies, P., Mullan, M., Stewart, W. and Crawford, F. (2014) Chronic neuropathological and neurobehavioral changes in a repetitive mild traumatic brain injury model. Annals of Neurology, 75(2), pp. 241-254. (doi: 10.1002/ana.24064) (PMID:24243523)

Hong, Y.T. et al. (2014) Amyloid imaging with carbon 11–labeled pittsburgh compound b for traumatic brain injury. JAMA Neurology, 71(1), pp. 23-31. (doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.4847) (PMID:24217171) (PMCID:PMC4084932)

Mouzon, B., Chaytow, H., Crynen, G., Bachmeier, C., Stewart, J., Mullan, M., Stewart, W. and Crawford, F. (2013) Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury in a mouse model produces learning and memory deficits accompanied by histological changes. Journal of Neurotrauma, 29(18), pp. 2761-2773. (doi: 10.1089/neu.2012.2498)

Johnson, V.E., Stewart, W. and Smith, D.H. (2013) Axonal pathology in traumatic brain injury. Experimental Neurology, 246, pp. 35-43. (doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.01.013)

Muirhead, R., Murray, E.C., Bell, S.L., Stewart, W. and James, A. (2013) Is there a role for radiotherapy in the primary management of primary central nervous system lymphoma? A single-centre case series. Clinical Oncology, 25(7), pp. 400-405. (doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2013.04.007)

Henderson, M. et al. (2013) Recessive desmin-null muscular dystrophy with central nuclei and mitochondrial abnormalities. Acta Neuropathologica, 125(6), pp. 917-919. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-013-1113-x)

Lamb, R., Digby, S., Stewart, W. and Drummond, A. (2013) Cutaneous ulceration: more than skin deep? Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, 38(4), pp. 443-445. (doi: 10.1111/ced.12082) (PMID:23496323)

Smith, D.H., Johnson, V.E. and Stewart, W. (2013) Chronic neuropathologies of single and repetitive TBI: substrates of dementia? Nature Reviews Neurology, 9(4), pp. 211-221. (doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2013.29)

Johnson, V. E., Stewart, J. E., Begbie, F. D., Trojanowski, J. Q., Smith, D. H. and Stewart, W. (2013) Inflammation and white matter degeneration persist for years after a single traumatic brain injury. Brain, 136, pp. 28-42. (doi: 10.1093/brain/aws322) (PMCID:PMC3562078)

Teo, M.K., Mathieson, C., Carruthers, R. , Stewart, W. and Alakandy, L. (2012) Cauda equina lymphoma – a rare presentation of primary central nervous system lymphoma: case report and literature review. British Journal of Neurosurgery, 26(6), pp. 868-871. (doi: 10.3109/02688697.2012.697225)

Tang-Schomer, M. D., Johnson, V. E., Baas, P. W., Stewart, W. and Smith, D. H. (2012) Partial interruption of axonal transport due to microtubule breakage accounts for the formation of periodic varicosities after traumatic axonal injury. Experimental Neurology, 233(1), pp. 364-372. (doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.10.030) (PMID:22079153) (PMCID:PMC3979336)

Johnson, V.E., Stewart, W. and Smith, D.H. (2012) Widespread tau and amyloid-beta pathology many years after a single traumatic brain injury in humans. Brain Pathology, 22(2), pp. 142-149. (doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2011.00513.x)

Bell, S.L., Hanzely, Z., Alakandy, L.M., Jackson, R. and Stewart, W. (2012) Primary meningeal histiocytic sarcoma: a report of two unusual cases. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology, 38(1), pp. 111-114. (doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2011.01205.x)

Bell, S.L., Suttner, N.J. and Stewart, W. (2012) An unusual intraventricular tumor. Neuropathology, 32(3), pp. 311-313. (doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2011.01247.x)

Goodfellow, J. A., Dani, K., Stewart, W. , Santosh, C., McLean, J., Mulhern, S. and Razvi, S. (2012) Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes: an important cause of stroke in young people. Postgraduate Medical Journal, (doi: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2011-130326)

Johnson, V. E., Stewart, W. , Trojanowski, J. Q. and Smith, D. H. (2011) Acute and chronically increased immunoreactivity to phosphorylation-independent but not pathological TDP-43 after a single traumatic brain injury in humans. Acta Neuropathologica, 122(6), pp. 715-726. (doi: 10.1007/s00401-011-0909-9) (PMCID:PMC3979333)

Behbahani, M., St. George, E.J., Dunn, L.T., Hadley, D.M. and Stewart, W. (2011) Atypical adult medulloblastoma. Acta Neurochirurgica, 153(7), pp. 1511-1517. (doi: 10.1007/s00701-011-1040-3)

McEwan, K., McAdam, J. and Stewart, W. (2011) Regional neuropathology referral practice before and after new organ retention legislation. Forensic Science International, 211(1-3), e9-e11. (doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.04.026)

Behbahani, M., Ahmad, F.U., Siddiqui, M.A., Stewart, W. and Alakandy, L.M. (2010) Transjugular extension of meningioma into the mediastinum—a case report. Acta Neurochirurgica, 152(1), pp. 151-154. (doi: 10.1007/s00701-009-0359-5)

Johnson, V.E., Stewart, W. and Smith, D.H. (2010) Traumatic brain injury and amyloid-β pathology: a link to Alzheimer's disease? Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11, pp. 361-370. (doi: 10.1038/nrn2808)

Sav, A., Scheithauer, B.W., Taylor, W.A.S., Miller, G. and Stewart, W. (2010) Intraosseous soft tissue perineurioma: report of a vertebral example. Clinical Neuropathology, 29(2), pp. 94-99. (doi: 10.5414/NPP29094)

French, P.J., Barlow, A., Barlow, P., Jampana, R.V. and Stewart, W. (2009) A case of pilomyxoid astrocytoma presenting with CSF rhinorrhoea in a 15-year-old. British Journal of Neurosurgery, 23(5), pp. 545-547. (doi: 10.1080/02688690902814733)

Johnson, V., Stewart, W. , Graham, D., Stewart, J., Praestgaard, A. and Smith, D. (2009) A Neprilysin Polymorphism and Amyloid-beta Plaques after Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Neurotrauma, 26(8), pp. 1197-1202.

Mathieson, C.S., St George, E.J., Stewart, W. , Sastry, J. and Jamal, S. (2009) Primary intracranial leiomyosarcoma: a case report and review of the literature. Child's Nervous System, 25(8), pp. 1013-1017. (doi: 10.1007/s00381-009-0845-3)

Schulz, U.G., Thomas, S.R. and Stewart, W. (2009) A difficult case solved at autopsy: memory loss, behavioural change and seizures. Practical Neurology, 9(2), pp. 90-95. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2008.166165)

MacKenzie, S. M. , Dewar, D. , Stewart, W. , Fraser, R., Connell, J. M. C. and Davies, E. (2008) The transcription of steroidogenic genes in the human cerebellum and hippocampus: a comparative survey of normal and Alzheimer's tissue. Journal of Endocrinology, 196(1), pp. 123-130. (doi: 10.1677/JOE-07-0427)

Barlow, A., Robertson, M., Doig, A., Stewart, W. and Drummond, M.W. (2008) Isolated central nervous system lymphoid blast crisis in chronic myeloid leukaemia in major molecular remission. British Journal of Haematology, 142(3), p. 327. (doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07136.x)

Balsitis, M., Cooke, A., Griffiths, S., Onen, N.F., Shah, A.A., Stewart, W. , Traynor, J.P., Upadhyaya, M. and Tobias, E. S. (2007) Gastric carcinoid: germline and somatic mutation of the neurofibromatosis type 1 gene. Familial Cancer, 6(1), pp. 147-152. (doi: 10.1007/s10689-006-9002-2)

Barlow, A. and Stewart, W. (2007) The pathology of raised intracranial pressure. Advances in Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, 7(5), pp. 25-27.

Ferguson, M., Stewart, W. , Cowie, F. and White, J. (2006) Late-onset meningeal metastases in liposarcoma: A case report and review of the literature. Sarcoma, 2006(23039), pp. 1-3. (doi: 10.1155/SRCM/2006/23039)

Robinson, S. and Stewart, W. (2004) Inflammatory diseases of the CNS II: Meningitis and cerebral abscess. Advances in Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, 4(4), pp. 38-40.

Stewart, W. , Black, M., Kalimo, H. and Graham, D.I. (2004) Non-traumatic forensic neuropathology. Forensic Science International, 146(2-3), pp. 125-147. (doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.06.025)

Sivaji, N., Basavaraj, S., Stewart, W. and Dempster, J. (2003) Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the nasal septum. Rhinology, 41(4), pp. 253-254.

Stewart, W. and Maxwell, D.J. (2003) Distribution of and organisation of dorsal horn neuronal cell bodies that possess the muscarinic m2 acetylcholine receptor. Neuroscience, 119(1), pp. 121-135. (doi: 10.1016/S0306-4522(03)00116-7)

Spike, R.C., Puskar, Z., Sakamoto, H., Stewart, W. , Watt, C. and Todd, A.J. (2002) MOR-1-immunoreactive neurons in the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord: evidence for nonsynaptic innervation by substance P-containing primary afferents and for selective activation by noxious thermal stimuli. European Journal of Neuroscience, 15(8), pp. 1306-1316. (doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.01969.x)

Stewart, W. and Maxwell, D.J. (2000) Morphological evidence for selective modulation by serotonin of a subpopulation of dorsal horn cells which possess the neurokinin-1 receptor. European Journal of Neuroscience, 12(12), pp. 4583-4588. (doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2000.01350.x)

Welton, J., Stewart, W. , Kerr, R. and Maxwell, D.J. (1999) Differential expression of the muscarinic m2 acetylcholine receptor by small and large motoneurons of the rat spinal cord. Brain Research, 817(1-2), pp. 215-219. (doi: 10.1016/S0006-8993(98)01208-6)

McKie, A.T., Stewart, W. and Lucas, M.L. (1991) The effect of sodium deoxycholate and other surfactants on the mucosal surface pH in proximal jejunum or rat. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 343(6), pp. 659-664. (doi: 10.1007/BF00184299)

Book Sections

Johnson, V. E., Stewart, W. , Arena, J. D. and Smith, D. H. (2017) Traumatic brain injury as a trigger of neurodegeneration. In: Beart, P., Robinson, M., Rattray, M. and Maragakis, N. J. (eds.) Neurodegenerative Diseases: Pathology, Mechanisms, and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Series: Advances in neurobiology, 15 (15). Springer International Publishing, pp. 383-400. ISBN 9783319571911 (doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-57193-5_15)