Dr Margaret Smith
- Affiliate Researcher - Kelvin Centre for Conservation and Cultural Heritage Research (School of Culture & Creative Arts)
- Affiliate Research Fellow (Archaeology) (Archaeology)
telephone:
01413307789
email:
Margaret.Smith@glasgow.ac.uk
Room 524, Ctctah, Robertson Building, Dumbarton Road, G11 6AQ
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2219-1381Publications
2023
Botticelli, M. , Risdonne, V., Visser, T., Young, C. , Smith, M. J. , Charsley, J. M., Rutkauskas, M., Altmann, Y. and Reid, D. T. (2023) Reflecting the past, imag(in)ing the past: macro-reflection imaging of painting materials by fast MIR hyperspectral analysis. European Physical Journal Plus, 138(5), 432. (doi: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-03958-7)
2019
Smith, M. J. , Holmes-Smith, A. S. and Lennard, F. (2019) Development of non-destructive methodology using ATR-FTIR with PCA to differentiate between historical Pacific barkcloth. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 39, pp. 32-41. (doi: 10.1016/j.culher.2019.03.006)
Flowers, T.H., Smith, M.J. and Brunton, J. (2019) Colouring of Pacific barkcloth: identification of the brown, red and yellow colourants used in the decoration of historic Pacific barkcloths. Heritage Science, 7, 2. (doi: 10.1186/s40494-018-0243-9)
Macken, A. and Smith, M. J. (2019) Solvent vapour use - the unintended consequences in textile conservation. Studies in Conservation, 64(6), pp. 352-362. (doi: 10.1080/00393630.2018.1544347)
Smith, M.J. , Schmidt, T., Thompson, K. and Dixon, M. (2019) Ion milling - the perfect cross-section of a painted textile. Heritage Science, 7, 74. (doi: 10.1186/s40494-019-0316-4)
2017
Smith, M.J. and Thompson, K. (2017) Forensic analysis of textile degradation and natural damage. In: Carr, D. (ed.) Forensic Textile Science. Series: The Textile Institute book series. Woodhead Publishing: Duxford, pp. 41-69. ISBN 9780081018729 (doi: 10.1016/B978-0-08-101872-9.00004-2)
Smith, M. , Thompson, K. and Lennard, F. (2017) A literature review of analytical techniques for materials characterisation of painted textiles - Part 2: spectroscopic and chromatographic analytical instrumentation. Journal of the Institute of Conservation, 40(3), pp. 252-266. (doi: 10.1080/19455224.2017.1365739)
Thompson, K. , Smith, M. and Lennard, F. (2017) A literature review of analytical techniques for materials characterisation of painted textiles - Part 1: categorising painted textiles, sampling and the use of optical tools. Journal of the Institute of Conservation, 40(1), pp. 64-82. (doi: 10.1080/19455224.2016.1269355)
2016
Smith, M.J. , Thompson, K. and Hermens, E. (2016) Breaking down banners: analytical approaches to determining the materials of painted banners. Heritage Science, 4, 23. (doi: 10.1186/s40494-016-0095-0)
Charpentier, T. V.J., Neville, A., Lanigan, J. L., Barker, R., Smith, M. J. and Richardson, T. (2016) Preparation of magnetic carboxymethylchitosan nanoparticles for adsorption of heavy metal ions. ACS Omega, 1(1), pp. 77-83. (doi: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00035)
2015
Smith, M. J. , Flowers, T. H. and Lennard, F. J. (2015) Mechanical properties of wool and cotton yarns used in twenty-first century tapestry: preparing for the future by understanding the present. Studies in Conservation, 60(6), pp. 375-383. (doi: 10.1179/2047058414Y.0000000144)
Charpentier, T. V.J., Neville, A., Baudin, S., Smith, M. J. , Euvrard, M., Bell, A., Wang, C. and Barker, R. (2015) Liquid infused porous surfaces for mineral fouling mitigation. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 444, pp. 81-86. (doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.12.043)
2014
Smith, M. J. , Kirk, S., Tate, J. and Cox, D. (2014) Material characterization and preservation guidance for a collection of prosthetic limbs developed since 1960. Studies in Conservation, 59(4), pp. 256-267. (doi: 10.1179/2047058413Y.0000000120)
Benson, S. J., Lennard, F. and Smith, M. J. (2014) 'Like-With-Like’: A Comparison of Natural and Synthetic Stitching Threads used in Textile Conservation. In: ICOM-CC 17th Triennial Conference Preprints, Melbourne, Australia, 15-19 Sep 2014, pp. 1-9. ISBN 9789290124108
Rushworth, I. D., Higgitt, C., Smith, M. and Gibson, L. T. (2014) Non-invasive multiresidue screening methods for the determination of pesticides in heritage collections. Heritage Science, 2(3), (doi: 10.1186/2050-7445-2-3)
2013
Smith, M.J. , Müller, S., Sander, W. and Bucher, G. (2013) Mechanisms of the thermal decay of chlorpropham. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 246-47, pp. 154-162. (doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.12.003)
2011
Smith, M.J. , Flowers, T.H., Duncan, H.J. and Saito, H. (2011) Study of PAH dissipation and phytoremediation in soils: Comparing freshly spiked with weathered soil from a former coking works. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 192(3), pp. 1219-1225. (doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.06.033)
2010
Smith, M.J. and Bucher, G. (2010) Quenching of triplet benzophenone by benzene and diphenyl ether – a DFT study. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 114(39), pp. 10712-10716. (doi: 10.1021/jp105962r)
2007
Smith, M.J. , Kerr, A. and Cowling, M.J. (2007) Effects of marine biofouling on gas sensor membrane materials. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 9(12), pp. 1378-1386. (doi: 10.1039/B714187B)
2006
Smith, M.J. , Flowers, T.H., Duncan, H.J. and Alder, J. (2006) Effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on germination and subsequent growth of grasses and legumes in freshly contaminated soil and soil with aged PAHs residues. Environmental Pollution, 141(3), pp. 519-525. (doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.08.061)
Cooper, M., Sun, C., Smith, M.J. , Duncan, H.J. and Snape, C.E. (2006) Effect of phytoremediation of coal tar-contaminated soils by trifolium pratense (l.) On the carbon stable isotope ratios of pahs. In: 231st ACS National Meeting, Atlanta, GA, 26-30 Mar 2006, p. 110.
Cowie, P.R., Smith, M.J. , Hannah, F., Cowling, M.J. and Hodgkeiss, T. (2006) The prevention of microfouling and macrofouling on hydrogels impregnated with either Arquad 2C-75® or benzalkonium chloride. Biofouling, 22(3), pp. 195-207. (doi: 10.1080/08927010600783296)
2003
Kerr, A., Smith, M.J. and Cowling, M.J. (2003) Optimising optical port size on underwater marine instruments to maximise biofouling resistance. Materials and Design, 24(4), pp. 247-253. (doi: 10.1016/S0261-3069(03)00039-6)
Smith, M.J. , Flowers, T.H., Cowling, M.J. and Duncan, H.J. (2003) Release studies of benzalkonium chloride from hydrogel in a freshwater environment. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 5(2), pp. 359-362. (doi: 10.1039/b209822a)
2002
Smith, M.J. , Flowers, T.H., Cowling, M.J. and Duncan, H.J. (2002) Method for the measurement of the diffusion coefficient of benzalkonium chloride. Water Research, 36(6), pp. 1423-1428. (doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00356-6)
2000
Cowling, M.J., Hodgkiess, T., Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. and Marrs, S.J. (2000) An alternative approach to antifouling based on analogues of natural processes. Science of the Total Environment, 258(1-2), pp. 129-137. (doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00513-1)
Molloy, P.J., Smith, M.J. and Cowling, M.J. (2000) The effects of salinity and temperature on the behaviour of polyacrylamide gels. Materials and Design, 21(3), pp. 169-174. (doi: 10.1016/S0261-3069(99)00068-0)
Smith, M.J. , Flowers, T.H., Parr, A.C.S., Cowling, M.J. and Hodgkiess, T. (2000) Salinity and temperature effects on the release of benzalkonium chloride from hydrogel material. Polymers and Polymer Composites, 8(2),
1999
Kerr, A., Hodgkiess, T., Cowling, M.J., Smith, M.J. and Beveridge, C.M. (1999) Effect of galvanically induced surface potentials on marine fouling. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 29(1), pp. 56-60. (doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00576.x)
Kerr, A., Beveridge, C.M., Cowling, M.J., Hodgkiess, T., Parr, A.C.S. and Smith, M.J. (1999) Some physical factors affecting the accumulation of biofouling. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK, 79(2), pp. 357-359.
1998
Kerr, A., Hodgkiess, T., Cowling, M.J., Beveridge, C.M., Smith, M.J. and Parr, A.C.S. (1998) A novel technique to prevent bacterial fouling, using imposed surface potential. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 85(6), pp. 1067-1072. (doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1998.tb05272.x)
Beveridge, C.M., Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. , Kerr, A., Cowling, M.J. and Hodgkiess, T. (1998) The effect of benzalkonium chloride concentration on nine species of marine diatom. Environmental Pollution, 103(1), pp. 31-36. (doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(98)00134-1)
Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. , Beveridge, C.M., Kerr, A., Cowling, M.J. and Hodgkiess, T. (1998) Optical assessment of a fouling-resistant surface (PHEMA/ benzalkonium chloride) after exposure to a marine environment. Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics, 8(4), pp. 187-193. (doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0712(1998070)8:4<187::AID-AMO353>3.0.CO;2-7)
Kerr, A., Cowling, M.J., Beveridge, C.M., Smith, M.J. , Parr, A.C.S., Head, R.M., Davenport, J. and Hodgkiess, T. (1998) The early stages of marine biofouling and its effect on two types of optical sensors. Environment International, 24(3), pp. 331-343. (doi: 10.1016/S0160-4120(98)00011-7)
Cowling, M.J., Hodgkiess, T., Kerr, A., Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. and Beveridge, C.M. (1998) Biofouling of oceanographic sensors – is there a solution? In: Proceedings OI '98, Brighton, March 1998. UNSPECIFIED.
Cowling, M.J., Hodgkiess, T., Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. , Kerr, A., Beveridge, C.M., Clegg, M. and Menlove, R. (1998) The effects of biofouling on imaging underwater, including possible remedies. In: Grattan, K.T.V. (ed.) Applied Optics and Opto-electronics 1998: Proceedings of the Applied Optics Divisional Conference of the Institute of Physics, held at Brighton, 16-19 March 1998 (Institute of Physics Conference). IOP Publishing Ltd., pp. 245-254. ISBN 9780750304566
1997
Cowling, M.J., Stewart, D., Clegg, M., Menlove, R., Hodgkiess, T., Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. and Kerr, A. (1997) Biofouling on underwater optics: the effects and possible remedies. In: Underwater Optics II, Light in the Sea: Optical Sensors Underwater, Aberdeen, UK, Jun 1997,
1996
His, E., Beiras, R., Quiniou, F., Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. , Cowling, M.J. and Hodgkiess, T. (1996) The non-toxic effects of a novel antifouling material on oyster culture. Water Research, 30(11), pp. 2822-2825. (doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(96)00167-4)
Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. , Cowling, M.J. and Hodgkiess, T. (1996) The antifoulant properties of benzalkonium chloride. Speciality Chemicals, 16(5), pp. 157-160.
1993
Cowling, M.J., Hodgkiess, T., Parr, A.C.S., Marrs, S. and Smith, M.J. (1993) Novel antifouling materials and strategies for the protection of marine sensors. In: International Symposium on Marine Biofouling and Corrosion, Portsmouth, UK, 1993,
Articles
Botticelli, M. , Risdonne, V., Visser, T., Young, C. , Smith, M. J. , Charsley, J. M., Rutkauskas, M., Altmann, Y. and Reid, D. T. (2023) Reflecting the past, imag(in)ing the past: macro-reflection imaging of painting materials by fast MIR hyperspectral analysis. European Physical Journal Plus, 138(5), 432. (doi: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-03958-7)
Campbell, L. and Smith, M. (2022) Multi-technique analysis of pigments on sandstone sculptures: Renaissance re-painting of a Roman relief. Heritage Science, 10, 156. (doi: 10.1186/s40494-022-00790-7)
Smith, M. J. and Macken, A. (2020) Pacific barkcloth under the microscope - characterisation of condition, decoration and structure. Journal of Conservation and Museum Studies, 18(1), 2. (doi: 10.5334/jcms.193/)
Smith, M. J. , Holmes-Smith, A. S. and Lennard, F. (2019) Development of non-destructive methodology using ATR-FTIR with PCA to differentiate between historical Pacific barkcloth. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 39, pp. 32-41. (doi: 10.1016/j.culher.2019.03.006)
Flowers, T.H., Smith, M.J. and Brunton, J. (2019) Colouring of Pacific barkcloth: identification of the brown, red and yellow colourants used in the decoration of historic Pacific barkcloths. Heritage Science, 7, 2. (doi: 10.1186/s40494-018-0243-9)
Macken, A. and Smith, M. J. (2019) Solvent vapour use - the unintended consequences in textile conservation. Studies in Conservation, 64(6), pp. 352-362. (doi: 10.1080/00393630.2018.1544347)
Smith, M.J. , Schmidt, T., Thompson, K. and Dixon, M. (2019) Ion milling - the perfect cross-section of a painted textile. Heritage Science, 7, 74. (doi: 10.1186/s40494-019-0316-4)
Smith, M. , Thompson, K. and Lennard, F. (2017) A literature review of analytical techniques for materials characterisation of painted textiles - Part 2: spectroscopic and chromatographic analytical instrumentation. Journal of the Institute of Conservation, 40(3), pp. 252-266. (doi: 10.1080/19455224.2017.1365739)
Thompson, K. , Smith, M. and Lennard, F. (2017) A literature review of analytical techniques for materials characterisation of painted textiles - Part 1: categorising painted textiles, sampling and the use of optical tools. Journal of the Institute of Conservation, 40(1), pp. 64-82. (doi: 10.1080/19455224.2016.1269355)
Smith, M.J. , Thompson, K. and Hermens, E. (2016) Breaking down banners: analytical approaches to determining the materials of painted banners. Heritage Science, 4, 23. (doi: 10.1186/s40494-016-0095-0)
Charpentier, T. V.J., Neville, A., Lanigan, J. L., Barker, R., Smith, M. J. and Richardson, T. (2016) Preparation of magnetic carboxymethylchitosan nanoparticles for adsorption of heavy metal ions. ACS Omega, 1(1), pp. 77-83. (doi: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00035)
Smith, M. J. , Flowers, T. H. and Lennard, F. J. (2015) Mechanical properties of wool and cotton yarns used in twenty-first century tapestry: preparing for the future by understanding the present. Studies in Conservation, 60(6), pp. 375-383. (doi: 10.1179/2047058414Y.0000000144)
Charpentier, T. V.J., Neville, A., Baudin, S., Smith, M. J. , Euvrard, M., Bell, A., Wang, C. and Barker, R. (2015) Liquid infused porous surfaces for mineral fouling mitigation. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 444, pp. 81-86. (doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.12.043)
Smith, M. J. , Kirk, S., Tate, J. and Cox, D. (2014) Material characterization and preservation guidance for a collection of prosthetic limbs developed since 1960. Studies in Conservation, 59(4), pp. 256-267. (doi: 10.1179/2047058413Y.0000000120)
Rushworth, I. D., Higgitt, C., Smith, M. and Gibson, L. T. (2014) Non-invasive multiresidue screening methods for the determination of pesticides in heritage collections. Heritage Science, 2(3), (doi: 10.1186/2050-7445-2-3)
Smith, M.J. , Müller, S., Sander, W. and Bucher, G. (2013) Mechanisms of the thermal decay of chlorpropham. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 246-47, pp. 154-162. (doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.12.003)
Smith, M.J. and Bucher, G. (2012) Tools to study the degradation and loss of the N-phenyl carbamate chlorpropham — a comprehensive review. Environment International, 49, pp. 38-50. (doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2012.08.005)
Smith, M.J. , Flowers, T.H., Duncan, H.J. and Saito, H. (2011) Study of PAH dissipation and phytoremediation in soils: Comparing freshly spiked with weathered soil from a former coking works. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 192(3), pp. 1219-1225. (doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.06.033)
Smith, M.J. and Bucher, G. (2010) Quenching of triplet benzophenone by benzene and diphenyl ether – a DFT study. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 114(39), pp. 10712-10716. (doi: 10.1021/jp105962r)
Smith, M.J. , Kerr, A. and Cowling, M.J. (2007) Effects of marine biofouling on gas sensor membrane materials. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 9(12), pp. 1378-1386. (doi: 10.1039/B714187B)
Smith, M.J. , Flowers, T.H., Duncan, H.J. and Alder, J. (2006) Effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on germination and subsequent growth of grasses and legumes in freshly contaminated soil and soil with aged PAHs residues. Environmental Pollution, 141(3), pp. 519-525. (doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.08.061)
Cowie, P.R., Smith, M.J. , Hannah, F., Cowling, M.J. and Hodgkeiss, T. (2006) The prevention of microfouling and macrofouling on hydrogels impregnated with either Arquad 2C-75® or benzalkonium chloride. Biofouling, 22(3), pp. 195-207. (doi: 10.1080/08927010600783296)
Kerr, A., Smith, M.J. and Cowling, M.J. (2003) Optimising optical port size on underwater marine instruments to maximise biofouling resistance. Materials and Design, 24(4), pp. 247-253. (doi: 10.1016/S0261-3069(03)00039-6)
Smith, M.J. , Flowers, T.H., Cowling, M.J. and Duncan, H.J. (2003) Release studies of benzalkonium chloride from hydrogel in a freshwater environment. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 5(2), pp. 359-362. (doi: 10.1039/b209822a)
Smith, M.J. , Flowers, T.H., Cowling, M.J. and Duncan, H.J. (2002) Method for the measurement of the diffusion coefficient of benzalkonium chloride. Water Research, 36(6), pp. 1423-1428. (doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00356-6)
Cowling, M.J., Hodgkiess, T., Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. and Marrs, S.J. (2000) An alternative approach to antifouling based on analogues of natural processes. Science of the Total Environment, 258(1-2), pp. 129-137. (doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00513-1)
Molloy, P.J., Smith, M.J. and Cowling, M.J. (2000) The effects of salinity and temperature on the behaviour of polyacrylamide gels. Materials and Design, 21(3), pp. 169-174. (doi: 10.1016/S0261-3069(99)00068-0)
Smith, M.J. , Flowers, T.H., Parr, A.C.S., Cowling, M.J. and Hodgkiess, T. (2000) Salinity and temperature effects on the release of benzalkonium chloride from hydrogel material. Polymers and Polymer Composites, 8(2),
Kerr, A., Hodgkiess, T., Cowling, M.J., Smith, M.J. and Beveridge, C.M. (1999) Effect of galvanically induced surface potentials on marine fouling. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 29(1), pp. 56-60. (doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00576.x)
Kerr, A., Beveridge, C.M., Cowling, M.J., Hodgkiess, T., Parr, A.C.S. and Smith, M.J. (1999) Some physical factors affecting the accumulation of biofouling. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK, 79(2), pp. 357-359.
Kerr, A., Hodgkiess, T., Cowling, M.J., Beveridge, C.M., Smith, M.J. and Parr, A.C.S. (1998) A novel technique to prevent bacterial fouling, using imposed surface potential. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 85(6), pp. 1067-1072. (doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1998.tb05272.x)
Beveridge, C.M., Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. , Kerr, A., Cowling, M.J. and Hodgkiess, T. (1998) The effect of benzalkonium chloride concentration on nine species of marine diatom. Environmental Pollution, 103(1), pp. 31-36. (doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(98)00134-1)
Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. , Beveridge, C.M., Kerr, A., Cowling, M.J. and Hodgkiess, T. (1998) Optical assessment of a fouling-resistant surface (PHEMA/ benzalkonium chloride) after exposure to a marine environment. Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics, 8(4), pp. 187-193. (doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0712(1998070)8:4<187::AID-AMO353>3.0.CO;2-7)
Kerr, A., Cowling, M.J., Beveridge, C.M., Smith, M.J. , Parr, A.C.S., Head, R.M., Davenport, J. and Hodgkiess, T. (1998) The early stages of marine biofouling and its effect on two types of optical sensors. Environment International, 24(3), pp. 331-343. (doi: 10.1016/S0160-4120(98)00011-7)
His, E., Beiras, R., Quiniou, F., Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. , Cowling, M.J. and Hodgkiess, T. (1996) The non-toxic effects of a novel antifouling material on oyster culture. Water Research, 30(11), pp. 2822-2825. (doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(96)00167-4)
Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. , Cowling, M.J. and Hodgkiess, T. (1996) The antifoulant properties of benzalkonium chloride. Speciality Chemicals, 16(5), pp. 157-160.
Book Sections
Smith, M.J. and Thompson, K. (2017) Forensic analysis of textile degradation and natural damage. In: Carr, D. (ed.) Forensic Textile Science. Series: The Textile Institute book series. Woodhead Publishing: Duxford, pp. 41-69. ISBN 9780081018729 (doi: 10.1016/B978-0-08-101872-9.00004-2)
Cowling, M.J., Hodgkiess, T., Kerr, A., Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. and Beveridge, C.M. (1998) Biofouling of oceanographic sensors – is there a solution? In: Proceedings OI '98, Brighton, March 1998. UNSPECIFIED.
Cowling, M.J., Hodgkiess, T., Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. , Kerr, A., Beveridge, C.M., Clegg, M. and Menlove, R. (1998) The effects of biofouling on imaging underwater, including possible remedies. In: Grattan, K.T.V. (ed.) Applied Optics and Opto-electronics 1998: Proceedings of the Applied Optics Divisional Conference of the Institute of Physics, held at Brighton, 16-19 March 1998 (Institute of Physics Conference). IOP Publishing Ltd., pp. 245-254. ISBN 9780750304566
Conference Proceedings
Benson, S. J., Lennard, F. and Smith, M. J. (2014) 'Like-With-Like’: A Comparison of Natural and Synthetic Stitching Threads used in Textile Conservation. In: ICOM-CC 17th Triennial Conference Preprints, Melbourne, Australia, 15-19 Sep 2014, pp. 1-9. ISBN 9789290124108
Cooper, M., Sun, C., Smith, M.J. , Duncan, H.J. and Snape, C.E. (2006) Effect of phytoremediation of coal tar-contaminated soils by trifolium pratense (l.) On the carbon stable isotope ratios of pahs. In: 231st ACS National Meeting, Atlanta, GA, 26-30 Mar 2006, p. 110.
Cowling, M.J., Stewart, D., Clegg, M., Menlove, R., Hodgkiess, T., Parr, A.C.S., Smith, M.J. and Kerr, A. (1997) Biofouling on underwater optics: the effects and possible remedies. In: Underwater Optics II, Light in the Sea: Optical Sensors Underwater, Aberdeen, UK, Jun 1997,
Cowling, M.J., Hodgkiess, T., Parr, A.C.S., Marrs, S. and Smith, M.J. (1993) Novel antifouling materials and strategies for the protection of marine sensors. In: International Symposium on Marine Biofouling and Corrosion, Portsmouth, UK, 1993,