Dr Andriejus Demcenko
- Lecturer in Cell Tissue Mechanics (Biomedical Engineering)
email:
Andriejus.Demcenko@glasgow.ac.uk
Rankine Building
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0881-3981Publications
2022
Yambangyang, P., Wilson, R. , Reboud, J. , Cooper, J. M. and Demcenko, A. (2022) Ultrasonic evaluation of ageing kinetics in amorphous polymer. Applied Physics Letters, 121, 072202. (doi: 10.1063/5.0102398)
2020
Ray, A., Khalid, A. , Demcenko, A. , Daloglu, M., Tseng, D., Reboud, J. , Cooper, J. and Ozcan, A. (2020) Holographic detection of nanoparticles using acoustically actuated nanolenses. Nature Communications, 11, 171. (doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13802-1) (PMID:31949134) (PMCID:PMC6965092)
2019
Demčenko, A. , Mazilu, M., Reboud, J. and Cooper, J. M. (2019) Green-function Method for Nonlinear Interactions of Elastic Waves. In: 2019 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), Glasgow, UK, 06-09 Oct 2019, pp. 1859-1861. ISBN 9781728145969
Demčenko, A. , Mazilu, M., Wilson, R. , Reboud, J. and Cooper, J. M. (2019) Non-Classical Second-Order Nonlinear Elastic Wave Interactions. In: 2019 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), Glasgow, UK, 06-09 Oct 2019, pp. 158-161. ISBN 9781728145969 (doi: 10.1109/ULTSYM.2019.8925682)
Demčenko, A. , Witte, C. , Reboud, J. and Cooper, J. M. (2019) Ultrasonic Wave Mixing for Nonlinear Ultrasonics in a Microfluidic Capillary. In: 2019 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), Glasgow, UK, 06-09 Oct 2019, pp. 284-286. ISBN 9781728145969
Khalid, M. A. , Ray, A., Cohen, S., Tassieri, M. , Demčenko, A. , Tseng, D., Reboud, J. , Ozcan, A. and Cooper, J. M. (2019) Computational image analysis of guided acoustic waves enables rheological assessment of sub-nanoliter volumes. ACS Nano, 13(10), pp. 11062-11069. (doi: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03219) (PMID:31490647)
Khalid, A. , Ray, A., Demčenko, A. , Cohen, S., Tassieri, M. , Reboud, J. , Ozcan, A. and Cooper, J. M. (2019) Lens-free Microscopy Using Acoustically Actuated Nanolenses and its Applications. In: Imaging and Applied Optics 2019, Munich, Germany, 24-27 Jun 2019, CTu4C.6. ISBN 9781943580637 (doi: 10.1364/COSI.2019.CTu4C.6)
Ray, A., Khalid, A. , Demcenko, A. , Daloglu, M., Tseng, D., Reboud, J. , Cooper, J. and Ozcan, A. (2019) Holographic Microscopy with Acoustic Modulation for Detection of Nano-sized Particles and Pathogens in Solution. In: CLEO: Applications and Technology 2019, San Jose, CA, USA, 05-10 May 2019, AM4I.3. ISBN 9781943580576 (doi: 10.1364/CLEO_AT.2019.AM4I.3)
2018
Mazilu, M., Demcenko, A. , Wilson, R. , Reboud, J. and Cooper, J. M. (2018) Breaking the symmetry of momentum conservation using evanescent acoustic fields. Physical Review Letters, 121(24), 244301. (doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.244301)
Demcenko, A. , Wilson, R., Cooper, J. M. , Mazilu, M. and Volker, A. W.F. (2018) Ultrasonic waves in uniaxially stressed multilayered and one-dimensional phononic structures: guided and Floquet wave analysis. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 144(1), pp. 81-91. (doi: 10.1121/1.5044528)
Demcenko, A. , Mazilu, M., Wilson, R. , Volker, A. W.F. and Cooper, J. M. (2018) Hyperelastic tuning of one dimensional phononic band-gaps using directional stress. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 65(6), pp. 1056-1061. (doi: 10.1109/TUFFC.2018.2821440)
2016
Demčenko, A. , Visser, H.A. and Akkerman, R. (2016) Ultrasonic measurements of undamaged concrete layer thickness in a deteriorated concrete structure. NDT and E International, 77, pp. 63-72. (doi: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2015.09.005)
2015
Demcenko, A. , Mainini, L. and Korneev, V.A. (2015) A study of the noncollinear ultrasonic-wave-mixing technique under imperfect resonance conditions. Ultrasonics, 57, pp. 179-189. (doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2014.11.009) (PMID:25497000)
2014
Koissin, V., Demcenko, A. and Korneev, V.A. (2014) Isothermal epoxy-cure monitoring using nonlinear ultrasonics. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 52, pp. 11-18. (doi: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2014.01.003)
Demcenko, A. , Koissin, V. and Korneev, V.A. (2014) Noncollinear wave mixing for measurement of dynamic processes in polymers: Physical ageing in thermoplastics and epoxy cure. Ultrasonics, 54(2), pp. 684-693. (doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2013.09.011) (PMID:24094687)
Korneev, V.A. and Demcenko, A. (2014) Possible second-order nonlinear interactions of plane waves in an elastic solid. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 135(2), pp. 591-598. (doi: 10.1121/1.4861241) (PMID:25234869)
2012
Demcenko, A. , Akkerman, R., Nagy, P.B. and Loendersloot, R. (2012) Non-collinear wave mixing for non-linear ultrasonic detection of physical ageing in PVC. NDT and E International, 49, pp. 34-39. (doi: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2012.03.005)
Demcenko, A. , Tamosiunaite, M., Vidugiriene, A. and Jakevicius, L. (2012) Estimation of lane marker parameters with high correlation to steering signal. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 13(2), pp. 962-967. (doi: 10.1109/TITS.2011.2179535)
Demcenko, A. (2012) Non-collinear Wave Mixing for a Bulk Wave Phase Velocity Measurement in an Isotropic Solid. In: 2012 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, Dresden, Germany, 7-10 Oct 2012, pp. 1437-1440. (doi: 10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0359)
Demcenko, A. , Ravanan, M., Visser, H. A., Loendersloot, R. and Akkerman, R. (2012) Investigation of PVC Physical Ageing in Field Test Specimens Using Ultrasonic and Dielectric Measurements. In: 2012 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), Dresden, Germany, 7-10 Oct 2012, pp. 1909-1912. (doi: 10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0479)
2010
Jakevicius, L., Demcenko, A. , Mardosaite, R. and Strelciunaite, V. (2010) Frequency Selection for Air-coupled Ultrasonic Measurements in Closed Chambers. In: 3rd International Conference on Radiation Interaction with Material and Its Use in Technologies 2010, Interaction'2010, Kaunas, Lithuania, 20-23 Sept 2010,
2009
Demcenko, A. , Tamosiunaite, M., Vidugiriene, A. and Jakevicius, L. (2009) Lane marker parameters for vehicle's steering signal prediction. WSEAS Transactions on Systems, 8(2), pp. 251-260.
Vidugiriene, A., Demcenko, A. and Tamosiunaite, M. (2009) Vehicle Acceleration Prediction Using Specific Road Curvature Points. In: 6th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics ICINCO 2009, Milan, Italy, 2-5- July 2009,
Vidugirienė, A., Demcenko, A. and Tamošiūnaitė, M. (2009) Steering Angle Prediction Using Neural Networks and Look-up Table for Different Drivers. In: Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments 2009, Wilga, Poland, 2009, p. 750206. (doi: 10.1117/12.837461)
2008
Demcenko, A. , Tamosiunaite, M., Vidugiriene, A. and Saudargiene, A. (2008) Vehicle’s Steering Signal Predictions Using Neural Networks. In: 2008 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 4-6 June 2008, pp. 1181-1186. ISBN 1931-0587 (doi: 10.1109/IVS.2008.4621181)
Kazys, R., Demcenko, A. , Mazeika, L., Sliteris, R. and Zukauskas, E. (2008) Investigation of Mode Conversion in Ultrasonic Air-coupled Non-destructive Testing. In: Emerging Technologies in ETNDT . 4th International Conference on Emerging Technologies in Non-Destructive Testing, ETNDT 4, Stuttgart, Germany, 2-4 April 2007,
Mazeika, L., Kazys, R., Raisutis, R., Demcenko, A. , Sliteris, R. and Cantore, C. (2008) Non-destructive Testing of Fuel Tanks Using Long-range Ultrasonics. In: Emerging Technologies in ETNDT . 4th International Conference on Emerging Technologies in Non-Destructive Testing, ETNDT 4, Stuttgart, Germany, 2-4 April 2007,
Vidugiriene, A., Demcenko, A. and Tamosiunaite, M. (2008) Extraction and Investigation of Lane Marker Parameters for Steering Signal Prediction. In: 12th International Conference Transport Means 2008, Kaunas; Lithuania, 23-24 Oct 2008,
2007
Kažys, R., Demcenko, A. , Mažeika, L., Šliteris, R. and Žukauskas, E. (2007) Air-coupled ultrasonic non-destructive testing of aerospace components. Insight: Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring, 49(4), pp. 195-199. (doi: 10.1784/insi.2007.49.4.195)
2006
Kažys, R., Demcenko, A. , Žukauskas, E. and Mažeika, L. (2006) Air-coupled ultrasonic investigation of multi-layered composite materials. Ultrasonics, 44, e819-e822. (doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.112)
Kažys, R., Mažeika, L., Barauskas, R., Raišutis, R., Cicėnas, V. and Demcenko, A. (2006) 3D Analysis of interaction of Lamb waves with defects in loaded steel plates. Ultrasonics, 44, e1127-e1130. (doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.152)
Demcenko, A. , Zukauskas, E., Kazys, R. and Voleisis, A. (2006) Interaction of the A0 lamb wave mode with a de-lamination type defect in GLARE3-3/2 composite material. Acta Acustica united with Acustica, 92(4), pp. 540-548.
2005
Simonetti, F., Cawley, P. and Demcenko, A. (2005) On the measurement of the Young’s modulus of small samples by acoustic interferometry. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 118(2), pp. 832-840. (doi: 10.1121/1.1942387)
Demcenko, A. , Žukauskas, E., Mažeika, L. and Kažys, R. (2005) Measurement of the A0 mode phase velocity in GLARE3-3/2 composite with air-coupled ultrasonic techniques. Insight: Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring, 47(3), pp. 163-167. (doi: 10.1784/insi.47.3.163.61313)
Demcenko, A. , Zukauskas, E., Kazys, R. and Voleisis, A. (2005) Investigation of Interaction of the Lamb Wave with Delamination Type Defect in GLARE Composite Using Air-coupled Ultrasonic Technique. 4th European Congress on Acustics, Forum Acusticum 2005, Budapest, Hungary, 29 Aug-2 Sept 2005.
Articles
Yambangyang, P., Wilson, R. , Reboud, J. , Cooper, J. M. and Demcenko, A. (2022) Ultrasonic evaluation of ageing kinetics in amorphous polymer. Applied Physics Letters, 121, 072202. (doi: 10.1063/5.0102398)
Ray, A., Khalid, A. , Demcenko, A. , Daloglu, M., Tseng, D., Reboud, J. , Cooper, J. and Ozcan, A. (2020) Holographic detection of nanoparticles using acoustically actuated nanolenses. Nature Communications, 11, 171. (doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13802-1) (PMID:31949134) (PMCID:PMC6965092)
Khalid, M. A. , Ray, A., Cohen, S., Tassieri, M. , Demčenko, A. , Tseng, D., Reboud, J. , Ozcan, A. and Cooper, J. M. (2019) Computational image analysis of guided acoustic waves enables rheological assessment of sub-nanoliter volumes. ACS Nano, 13(10), pp. 11062-11069. (doi: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03219) (PMID:31490647)
Mazilu, M., Demcenko, A. , Wilson, R. , Reboud, J. and Cooper, J. M. (2018) Breaking the symmetry of momentum conservation using evanescent acoustic fields. Physical Review Letters, 121(24), 244301. (doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.244301)
Demcenko, A. , Wilson, R., Cooper, J. M. , Mazilu, M. and Volker, A. W.F. (2018) Ultrasonic waves in uniaxially stressed multilayered and one-dimensional phononic structures: guided and Floquet wave analysis. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 144(1), pp. 81-91. (doi: 10.1121/1.5044528)
Demcenko, A. , Mazilu, M., Wilson, R. , Volker, A. W.F. and Cooper, J. M. (2018) Hyperelastic tuning of one dimensional phononic band-gaps using directional stress. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 65(6), pp. 1056-1061. (doi: 10.1109/TUFFC.2018.2821440)
Demčenko, A. , Visser, H.A. and Akkerman, R. (2016) Ultrasonic measurements of undamaged concrete layer thickness in a deteriorated concrete structure. NDT and E International, 77, pp. 63-72. (doi: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2015.09.005)
Demcenko, A. , Mainini, L. and Korneev, V.A. (2015) A study of the noncollinear ultrasonic-wave-mixing technique under imperfect resonance conditions. Ultrasonics, 57, pp. 179-189. (doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2014.11.009) (PMID:25497000)
Koissin, V., Demcenko, A. and Korneev, V.A. (2014) Isothermal epoxy-cure monitoring using nonlinear ultrasonics. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 52, pp. 11-18. (doi: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2014.01.003)
Demcenko, A. , Koissin, V. and Korneev, V.A. (2014) Noncollinear wave mixing for measurement of dynamic processes in polymers: Physical ageing in thermoplastics and epoxy cure. Ultrasonics, 54(2), pp. 684-693. (doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2013.09.011) (PMID:24094687)
Korneev, V.A. and Demcenko, A. (2014) Possible second-order nonlinear interactions of plane waves in an elastic solid. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 135(2), pp. 591-598. (doi: 10.1121/1.4861241) (PMID:25234869)
Demcenko, A. , Akkerman, R., Nagy, P.B. and Loendersloot, R. (2012) Non-collinear wave mixing for non-linear ultrasonic detection of physical ageing in PVC. NDT and E International, 49, pp. 34-39. (doi: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2012.03.005)
Demcenko, A. , Tamosiunaite, M., Vidugiriene, A. and Jakevicius, L. (2012) Estimation of lane marker parameters with high correlation to steering signal. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 13(2), pp. 962-967. (doi: 10.1109/TITS.2011.2179535)
Demcenko, A. , Tamosiunaite, M., Vidugiriene, A. and Jakevicius, L. (2009) Lane marker parameters for vehicle's steering signal prediction. WSEAS Transactions on Systems, 8(2), pp. 251-260.
Kažys, R., Demcenko, A. , Mažeika, L., Šliteris, R. and Žukauskas, E. (2007) Air-coupled ultrasonic non-destructive testing of aerospace components. Insight: Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring, 49(4), pp. 195-199. (doi: 10.1784/insi.2007.49.4.195)
Kažys, R., Demcenko, A. , Žukauskas, E. and Mažeika, L. (2006) Air-coupled ultrasonic investigation of multi-layered composite materials. Ultrasonics, 44, e819-e822. (doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.112)
Kažys, R., Mažeika, L., Barauskas, R., Raišutis, R., Cicėnas, V. and Demcenko, A. (2006) 3D Analysis of interaction of Lamb waves with defects in loaded steel plates. Ultrasonics, 44, e1127-e1130. (doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.152)
Demcenko, A. , Zukauskas, E., Kazys, R. and Voleisis, A. (2006) Interaction of the A0 lamb wave mode with a de-lamination type defect in GLARE3-3/2 composite material. Acta Acustica united with Acustica, 92(4), pp. 540-548.
Simonetti, F., Cawley, P. and Demcenko, A. (2005) On the measurement of the Young’s modulus of small samples by acoustic interferometry. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 118(2), pp. 832-840. (doi: 10.1121/1.1942387)
Demcenko, A. , Žukauskas, E., Mažeika, L. and Kažys, R. (2005) Measurement of the A0 mode phase velocity in GLARE3-3/2 composite with air-coupled ultrasonic techniques. Insight: Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring, 47(3), pp. 163-167. (doi: 10.1784/insi.47.3.163.61313)
Conference or Workshop Item
Demcenko, A. , Zukauskas, E., Kazys, R. and Voleisis, A. (2005) Investigation of Interaction of the Lamb Wave with Delamination Type Defect in GLARE Composite Using Air-coupled Ultrasonic Technique. 4th European Congress on Acustics, Forum Acusticum 2005, Budapest, Hungary, 29 Aug-2 Sept 2005.
Conference Proceedings
Demčenko, A. , Mazilu, M., Reboud, J. and Cooper, J. M. (2019) Green-function Method for Nonlinear Interactions of Elastic Waves. In: 2019 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), Glasgow, UK, 06-09 Oct 2019, pp. 1859-1861. ISBN 9781728145969
Demčenko, A. , Mazilu, M., Wilson, R. , Reboud, J. and Cooper, J. M. (2019) Non-Classical Second-Order Nonlinear Elastic Wave Interactions. In: 2019 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), Glasgow, UK, 06-09 Oct 2019, pp. 158-161. ISBN 9781728145969 (doi: 10.1109/ULTSYM.2019.8925682)
Demčenko, A. , Witte, C. , Reboud, J. and Cooper, J. M. (2019) Ultrasonic Wave Mixing for Nonlinear Ultrasonics in a Microfluidic Capillary. In: 2019 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), Glasgow, UK, 06-09 Oct 2019, pp. 284-286. ISBN 9781728145969
Khalid, A. , Ray, A., Demčenko, A. , Cohen, S., Tassieri, M. , Reboud, J. , Ozcan, A. and Cooper, J. M. (2019) Lens-free Microscopy Using Acoustically Actuated Nanolenses and its Applications. In: Imaging and Applied Optics 2019, Munich, Germany, 24-27 Jun 2019, CTu4C.6. ISBN 9781943580637 (doi: 10.1364/COSI.2019.CTu4C.6)
Ray, A., Khalid, A. , Demcenko, A. , Daloglu, M., Tseng, D., Reboud, J. , Cooper, J. and Ozcan, A. (2019) Holographic Microscopy with Acoustic Modulation for Detection of Nano-sized Particles and Pathogens in Solution. In: CLEO: Applications and Technology 2019, San Jose, CA, USA, 05-10 May 2019, AM4I.3. ISBN 9781943580576 (doi: 10.1364/CLEO_AT.2019.AM4I.3)
Demcenko, A. (2012) Non-collinear Wave Mixing for a Bulk Wave Phase Velocity Measurement in an Isotropic Solid. In: 2012 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, Dresden, Germany, 7-10 Oct 2012, pp. 1437-1440. (doi: 10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0359)
Demcenko, A. , Ravanan, M., Visser, H. A., Loendersloot, R. and Akkerman, R. (2012) Investigation of PVC Physical Ageing in Field Test Specimens Using Ultrasonic and Dielectric Measurements. In: 2012 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), Dresden, Germany, 7-10 Oct 2012, pp. 1909-1912. (doi: 10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0479)
Jakevicius, L., Demcenko, A. , Mardosaite, R. and Strelciunaite, V. (2010) Frequency Selection for Air-coupled Ultrasonic Measurements in Closed Chambers. In: 3rd International Conference on Radiation Interaction with Material and Its Use in Technologies 2010, Interaction'2010, Kaunas, Lithuania, 20-23 Sept 2010,
Vidugiriene, A., Demcenko, A. and Tamosiunaite, M. (2009) Vehicle Acceleration Prediction Using Specific Road Curvature Points. In: 6th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics ICINCO 2009, Milan, Italy, 2-5- July 2009,
Vidugirienė, A., Demcenko, A. and Tamošiūnaitė, M. (2009) Steering Angle Prediction Using Neural Networks and Look-up Table for Different Drivers. In: Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments 2009, Wilga, Poland, 2009, p. 750206. (doi: 10.1117/12.837461)
Demcenko, A. , Tamosiunaite, M., Vidugiriene, A. and Saudargiene, A. (2008) Vehicle’s Steering Signal Predictions Using Neural Networks. In: 2008 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 4-6 June 2008, pp. 1181-1186. ISBN 1931-0587 (doi: 10.1109/IVS.2008.4621181)
Kazys, R., Demcenko, A. , Mazeika, L., Sliteris, R. and Zukauskas, E. (2008) Investigation of Mode Conversion in Ultrasonic Air-coupled Non-destructive Testing. In: Emerging Technologies in ETNDT . 4th International Conference on Emerging Technologies in Non-Destructive Testing, ETNDT 4, Stuttgart, Germany, 2-4 April 2007,
Mazeika, L., Kazys, R., Raisutis, R., Demcenko, A. , Sliteris, R. and Cantore, C. (2008) Non-destructive Testing of Fuel Tanks Using Long-range Ultrasonics. In: Emerging Technologies in ETNDT . 4th International Conference on Emerging Technologies in Non-Destructive Testing, ETNDT 4, Stuttgart, Germany, 2-4 April 2007,
Vidugiriene, A., Demcenko, A. and Tamosiunaite, M. (2008) Extraction and Investigation of Lane Marker Parameters for Steering Signal Prediction. In: 12th International Conference Transport Means 2008, Kaunas; Lithuania, 23-24 Oct 2008,
Research datasets
2022
Yambangyang, P., Wilson, R., Reboud, J. , Cooper, J. and Demcenko, A. (2022) Ultrasonic Evaluation of Ageing Kinetics in Amorphous Polymer. [Data Collection]
2021
Khalid, A., Demcenko, A. and Cooper, J. (2021) Holographic Detection of Nanoparticles using Acoustically Actuated Nanolenses (Updated 2021). [Data Collection]
2019
Demcenko, A. and Cooper, J. (2019) Dispersion of guided waves in a fluid-solid bilayer. [Data Collection]
Khalid, A., Demcenko, A. and Cooper, J. (2019) Holographic Detection of Nanoparticles using Acoustically Actuated Nanolenses. [Data Collection]
Demcenko, A. , Mazilu, M. and Cooper, J. (2019) Nonlinear wave interactions in hyperelastic medium. [Data Collection]
2018
Mazilu, M., Demcenko, A. , Wilson, R., Reboud, J. and Cooper, J. (2018) Breaking the symmetry of momentum conservation using evanescent acoustic fields. [Data Collection]
Demcenko, A. , Mazilu, M. , Wilson, R. , Volker, A. W. F. and Cooper, J. (2018) Ultrasonic waves in uniaxially stressed multilayered and 1-D phononic structures: guided and Floquet wave analysis. [Data Collection]
Demcenko, A. , Mazilu, M. , Wilson, R. , Volker, A. W. F. and Cooper, J. (2018) Hyperelastic Tuning of One Dimensional Phononic Band-Gaps Using Directional Stress. [Data Collection]