Ho Wang Mak

h.mak.1@research.gla.ac.uk

HoWang.Mak@glasgow.ac.uk

 

Research title: Sovereign Debt Regulation: Towards a Unified International Law

Research Summary

Charles Ho Wang Mak is a PhD Candidate in international law and a Graduate Teaching Assistant at the University of Glasgow, a Fellow of the Centre for Chinese and Comparative Law at the City University of Hong Kong, an Honorary Fellow of the Asian Institute of International Financial Law at the University of Hong Kong, a Research Affiliate at SovereigNet at The Fletcher School, Tufts University, and a Research Associate at China, Law and Development Project at the University of Oxford. His research concentrates on sovereign debt restructuring and dispute resolution.

Charles has studied law at the University of Sussex in England (LL.B. (Hons.)), The Chinese University of Hong Kong (LL.M. in International Economic Law), and the City University of Hong Kong (LL.M.Arb.D.R.(with Credit)). He is a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators (FCIArb), the Hong Kong Institute of Arbitrators (FHKIArb), the Arbitrators and Mediators Institute of New Zealand (FAMINZ (Arb/Med)), the Asian Institute of Alternative Dispute Resolution (FAIADR), and the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (FRAS). Also, he is an Associate Fellow of the Advance HE (AFHEA).

Charles has extensive experience in editing. He is the Managing Editor of the King's Student Law Review. Also, he served as one of the editors for the 2020 and 2019 editions of the Yearbook on International Investment Law and Policy (published by the Oxford University Press).

He is the Chairperson of the Young Members Group at the Asian Institute of Alternative Dispute Resolution, BAIAC Young Practitioner Lead at the Beihai Asia International Arbitration Centre, and the Asia-Pacific Regional Sub-Committee Member for the Campaign for Greener Arbitrations: The Green Pledge. He earned accreditation as a tribunal secretary at the Hong Kong International Arbitration Centre.

Publications

Articles:

‘Sovereign Wealth Funds and National Security- Three Purposes of Regulations and Beyond’ (2022) 12 (1) King’s Student Law Review 58 (with S W LAW)

 

‘New Zealand: Reserve Bank of New Zealand Act 2021 (Legislative Comment)’ (2022) 37 (6) Journal of International Banking Law and Regulation N66

 

‘United States: New York Banking Law - Restructuring Sovereign Debt’ (2022) 37 (4) Journal of International Banking Law and Regulation N50

 

‘Two Paths Leading to the Same End? A Discussion of Development and Regulation of Online Mediation under the Covid-19 in the People’s Republic of China and the United States’ (2020) 13 (1) World Arbitration and Mediation Review 101 (with C S SHANG and W GUO)

  • Listed as ‘COVID-19 Legal Scholarship’ by the Melbourne Law School
  • SSRN's Top Ten Download List- IRPN: Other Economics of Innovation (Topic) and eBusiness & eCommerce (As of 20 Jun 2020 - 19 Aug 2020)
  • SSRN's Top Ten Download List- Negotiation & Dispute Resolution eJournal (As of 04 Jul 2020 - 02 Sep 2020)
  • Cited by A AGGARWAL and K MITTAL, ‘Developing Hybrid Model of Online Courts and Mediation for India through Cross Countries Study’ in Ravi Kumar Gupta, Sanjay Kumar Mangla, and Nisha Jindal (eds), Global Economic Order in the Post-Covid-19 Era: Challenges, Opportunities and Strategies (Maharaja Agrasen University Publication, 2020)

 

‘Drafting Dispute Resolution Clauses- Four Main Guiding Principles that Drafters Should Observe’ (2018) 31 Young Arbitration Review 50

  • Cited by O Obasoyo, ‘Nigeria: Dispute Resolution Clauses In Agreement – Drafting Principles And Concepts’ (Mondaq Blog, 2022)
  • Cited by S HUNG ‘The influence of extrinsic cues on wine purchase in Hong Kong’ (2021) Doctoral thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David

 

‘Assessing the Usefulness of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’ (2017) 10 Hong Kong Student Law Gazette 31

 

‘Commercial Agents (Council Directive) Regulations 1993: English and Scottish Commercial Courts Interpretation of the Law Reflects Reality’ (2017) 4 (2) Journal of Science, Humanities and Arts 1

 

‘CEPA- the Regional Free Trade Agreement That Further Integrated and Strengthened the Legal Services Markets between the Mainland and Hong Kong’ (2017) 4 (3) International Journal of Law and Legal Jurisprudence Studies 39

 

‘How Far Does the English Legal System Go to Address the Issue of Gender Equality?’ (2016) (2) NILS Law Review 92

  

 

Blog Posts:

‘Inaugural California International Arbitration Week: Surfing the Rising Waves of Arbitration in Japan and California’ (2022) Kluwer Arbitration Blog (with C S SHANG)

 

‘Inaugural California International Arbitration Week: The Pacific Shift: Has International Arbitration’s Centre of Gravity Moved?’ (2022) Kluwer Arbitration Blog (with C S SHANG)

  • Cited by K N Gore, ‘Delaware as a Next Generation Hub for International Arbitration Practice: Building the Case for the First State’ in Beaumont, Fouchard & Brodlija, International Commercial Arbitration: Quo Vadis? (Kluwer 2022) (Forthcoming)

 

‘Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity: Early-Stage Internalization?’ (2022) Society of International Law and Policy Blog (with A SOLANKI)

 

‘Regulatory Challenges Arising from Sovereign Wealth Funds and National Security: Exacerbate Great Power Competition between China and the United States?’ (2020) EFILA Blog (with I J CHEN)

 

‘The Role of Macao as a Dispute Resolution Hub in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Bay Area’ (2020) Investment and Commercial Arbitration Review

 

‘Should Mediators Be Obliged to Insure Their Civil Liability?’ (2020) The Contemporary Law Forum (with K ZARIOU)

 

‘The Second Mediator? The Role of Mediator’s Assistant’ (2020) Mediate.com (with C S SHANG)

 

‘Cultivating Psychology in Int. Legal Education - Should Psychology Be Included in the Syllabus’ (2020) CUHK Learning Matters Blog

 

 

Book Chapters:

‘Two Paths to the Same End? A Discussion of the Future of Hong Kong and Macau as the International Legal and Dispute Resolution Service Hubs’ in Bryan Clark, Ashu Dhiman, Amanda J. Lee, and W. Patrick McPhilamy, III (eds), A Pathway to the Future of ADR: Comparative Perspectives from Around the World (MediateGuru, 2021)

 

 

Book Reviews:

‘New Voices and New Perspectives in International Economic Law, Edited by John D. Haskell and Akbar Rasulov’ (2021) 31 (8) The Law and Politics Book Review 130

 

‘Environmental Mediation: An International Survey, Edited by Catherine Choquette and Véronique Fraser’ (2020) Asian Journal on Mediation 103

 

‘Europe's Crisis of Legitimacy: Governing by Rules and Ruling by Numbers in the Eurozone by Vivien A. Schmidt’ (2020) 36 (1) Journal of International Banking Law and Regulation 42

 

‘China-European Union Investment Relationships: Towards a New Leadership in Global Investment Governance, Edited by Julien Chaisse’ (2020) 10 (2) Asian Journal of International Law 413

 

‘China's International Investment Strategy, Edited by Julien Chaisse’ (2020) 6(2) China and WTO Review 223

 

‘The Law of Cross-Border Business Transactions: Principles, Concepts, Skills, by Lutz- Christian Wolff’ (2017) 27 (4) The Law and Politics Book Review 57

 

 

Professional Publications:

‘Sanum Investments Limited v Lao People's Democratic Republic, Award on jurisdiction, PCA Case No 2013-13, IIC 1420 (2013), 13th December 2013, Permanent Court of Arbitration [PCA]’ (2020) Investment Claims - Oxford University Press [Headnote and case comment]

 

‘Hong Kong International Arbitration Centre (HKIAC)’ (2020) Jus Mundi [Wiki note]

 

‘Moscow Chamber of Commerce and Industry (MCCI)’ (2020) Jus Mundi [Wiki note]

 

‘Hong Kong Competition Ordinance- Potential Reform〈《競爭條例》在港實施一週年：潛在改善〉’ (2017) Mingpao-Pentoy [Column]

 

 

Invited Talks and Seminars:

‘The Impact of International Mediation Principles on Apology Legislation’ (2022) Asian Institute of Alternative Dispute Resolution Fellowship Roundtable Series [Invited talk]

 

‘Mediator’s Assistant- The Second Mediator?’ (2021) International Mediation Awareness Week [Invited talk]

 

‘The Development and Regulation of Online Mediation in China and the United States under the COVID-19 Pandemic’ (2020) Centre for Chinese and Comparative Law Online Academic Seminar [Seminar]

 

Supervisors

Grants

British Institute of International and Comparative Law Training Scholarship

 

Racial Equality for Arbitration Lawyers Scholarship

 

Pearl River Delta Academy of International Trade and Investment Law Scholarship

 

Conference

‘Contrived Collegiality: Friend or Foe for The Development of Law Schools’ (2022) ‘Directions in Legal Education 2022’ Online Conference on Teaching and Learning in Law, CUHK Law Faculty [Paper presentation]

  • Moderator of One of the Panels

 

‘Cultivating Psychology in International Legal Education - Should Psychology Be Included in the Syllabus?’ (2022) Association of Law Teachers Conference 2022, Manchester, University of Manchester [Poster presentation]

  • Finalist of the Stan Marsh ‘Best Poster’ Prize, Association of Law Teachers 

 

‘Sovereign Debt Restructuring During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Post-COVID-19 Era’ (2021) 10th Annual Cambridge International Law Conference, Cambridge, University of Cambridge [Paper presentation]

 

‘Sovereign Debt Restructuring in China during the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Post COVID-19 Era’ (2021) 2021 ILA-ASIL Asia-Pacific Research Forum, Singapore, Singapore Management University [Paper presentation]

  • Featured by Wong Jun Hao, Lucas in ‘2021 ILA-ASIL Asia-Pacific Research Forum’ (Singapore Law Blog, 2021

 

‘The Future of Sovereign Debt Restructuring Under the Contemporary Contractual Approach’ (2021) Lancaster University Law Conference 2021, Lancaster, University of Lancaster [Paper presentation]

 

‘Sovereign Debt Market- A Post-COVID-19 Perspective’ (2020) 12th Annual Critical Finance Studies Conference, Goldsmiths, University of London [Paper presentation]

 

‘Sovereign Debt Restructuring- A Perspective from China After COVID-19’ (2020) 2020 CIBEL Global Network Conference, UNSW Law [Paper presentation]

 

‘Cultivating Psychology in International Legal Education - Should Psychology Be Included in the Syllabus?’ (2020) ‘Directions in Legal Education 2020’ Online Conference on Teaching and Learning in Law, CUHK Law Faculty [Paper presentation]

 

‘Sovereign Debt Regulation: Towards a Unified International Legal Regime? - The Rise of Arbitration in Sovereign Debt Restructuring’ (2020) 9th PEPA/SIEL Annual Conference [Paper presentation]

 

‘The Rise of Sovereign Wealth Funds: Can States Control Entities Claim the Same Rights as any other Private Investors?’ (2018) 2018 Hong Kong Law Research Postgraduate Symposium, CUHK Law Faculty [Paper presentation]

  •  Lead Discussant of the Hong Kong Legal System and Legal Education Panel

Teaching

Graduate Teaching Assistant/ Tutor at the School of Law, University of Glasgow

May 2021 – Present

Tutor:

  • Business Organisations (LAW2041 and LAW2042) for two groups of undergraduate and graduate student
  • Commercial Law (LAW2002 and LAW2043) for six groups of undergraduate and graduate students
  • Common Law System and Method (LAW1028 and LAW1040) to five groups of undergraduate and graduate students

 

Marking and grading for International Commercial Arbitration (LAW5194) examination papers

 

Moot Judge: Law of Torts (LAW1029 and LAW1043)

 

Additional Information

ACADEMIC AND TEACHING EXPERIENCE

Research Associate at China, Law and Development Project, University of Oxford

Mar 2022 – Present
  • Support the project’s interdisciplinary research, which aims to understand the nature of order that underlies China’s new globalism, an order that has multiple sources, one of which is law. 

Research Affiliate at SovereigNet, The Fletcher School, Tufts University

Mar 2021 – Present

Assistant Country Reporter for China, CELIS Institute (Berlin)

Nov 2021 – Present

Honorary Fellow at the Asian Institute of International Financial Law, University of Hong Kong

Feb 2021 – Present

Fellow at the Centre for Chinese and Comparative Law (CCCL), City University of Hong Kong

Dec 2020 – Present

Contributor of Investment Claims at Oxford University Press (OUP)

Aug 2020 – Present

Research Assistant (Asia-Pacific Interest Group) of the American Society of International Law

  Jun 2020 – Present
  • Work as a research assistant for the ASIL Asia-Pacific Newsletter Team, conducting research on all developments in my assigned region (i.e., Hong Kong and Singapore).

 

Reviewer of the Legal Issues Journal   

Apr 2020 – Present

Convener of International Law Working Group at University of Glasgow

Mar 2020 – Present
  • Throughout the year, I convene a range of activities to reflect University of Glasgow researchers’ research interests as well as the current developments in international law.

Research Assistant at the School of Social & Political Sciences, University of Glasgow

Aug 2021 – Sep 2021
  • UK Research and Innovation/ Medical Research Council and the National Institute for Health Research Project: COVID-19: Understanding Chinese government containment measures and their societal impacts.

Visiting Researcher at the Centre for CCCL, City University of Hong Kong

Nov 2020 – Dec 2020
  • Delivered a seminar titled: ‘The Development and Regulation of Online Mediation in China and the United States under the COVID-19 Pandemic’.

Arbitrator for the Vis East International Commercial Arbitration Moot

Mar 2021 – Mar 2021
  • Served as an Arbitrator for the 18th Willem C. Vis East International Commercial Arbitration Moot between 14th to 21st March 2021.

 

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS

 

Chartered Institute of Arbitrators

Arbitrators and Mediators Institute of New Zealand

Hong Kong Institute of Arbitrators

Asian Institute of Alternative Dispute Resolution

Hong Kong International Arbitration Centre

Fellow (FCIArb)

Fellow (FAMINZ (Arb/Med))

Fellow (FHKIArb)

Fellow (FAIADR)

Tribunal Secretary Training Programme

 

Hong Kong Mediation Accreditation Association Limited (CityU)

HKMAAL Stage 1

 

Hong Kong Institute of Chartered Secretaries    

Hong Kong Securities and Investment Institute 

 

Registered Student - Stage 2 (Pending)

Associate Member (AHKSI)

 

 

TEACHING QUALIFICATIONS

 

Advance HE

Associate Fellow (AFHEA)

 

 

 

 

DISPUTE RESOLUTION EXPERIENCE

 

Adjudicator of the Obscene Articles Tribunal, Judiciary of Hong Kong

Aug 2019 – Aug 2022

 
  • Appointed by the Chief Magistrate of the Hong Kong Judiciary, I am serving as a member of the panel of adjudicators of the Obscene Articles Tribunal from 13 August 2019 to 13 August 2022.
  • Classifies articles submitted to the Tribunal and hears reviews or reconsiders a classification with the Presiding Magistrate in full public hearings.

 

Member of the ACICA Tribunal Secretary Panel of the Australian Centre for International Commercial

 

Arbitration (ACICA)

Mar 2018 – Apr 2025

 
  • The first member of the ACICA Tribunal Secretary Panel from Hong Kong and Mainland China.

 

EDITORSHIP

Managing Editor of the King's Student Law Review

Mar 2021 – Present

Newsletter Editor (Asia and Europe) (Private International Law Interest Group) of the American Society of International Law

Sep 2021 – Present

Editor of the Yearbook on International Investment Law and Policy (2020 Edition) (OUP)

Mar 2021 – Sep 2021

Managing Editor of the KSLR Forum at the King's Student Law Review

Sep 2020 – Mar 2021

Senior Editor of King's Student Law Review

Jun 2020 – Sep 2020

Editor of the Yearbook on International Investment Law and Policy (2019 Edition) (OUP)

Mar 2020 – Sep 2020

APPOINTMENTS AND PUBLIC OFFICE

BAIAC Young Practitioner Lead at the Beihai Asia International Arbitration Centre

May 2022 – Present

Chairperson of the Young Members Group at the Asian Institute of Alternative Dispute Resolution

May 2022 – Present

Asia-Pacific Regional Sub-Committee Member for the Campaign for Greener Arbitrations: The Green Pledge

Oct 2021 – Present

Member of the Advisory Board of the United Forum for Legal Studies

Jun 2021 – Present

Member of the Executive Secretariat of the Asia Pacific FDI Network

Jan 2021 – Present

Member of the Global Advisory Board of the MediateGuru

Jan 2021 – Present

Committee Member of the Membership Development Committee at the Asian Institute of Alternative Dispute Resolution

Dec 2020 – Present

Global Steering Committee Member for the Campaign for Greener Arbitrations: The Green Pledge

Oct 2020 – Oct 2021

Ambassador of Arbitrator Intelligence

Sep 2020 – Sep 2021

Member of the Panel of Advisers (Film Censorship) (Under Film Censorship Ordinance (Cap.392)) of the HKSAR Government

Oct 2018 – Sep 2019

 

OTHER LEADERSHIP AND VOLUNTEER ACTIVITIES

PGR Representative at the Glasgow University Students’ Representative Council

Sep 2021 – Present

Member of the Consumer Liaison Group, Centre for Food Safety of the HKSAR Government

Oct 2018 – Present

Alumni Consul at University of Sussex

Sep 2016 – Present

Member of the Philately Liaison Group, Hongkong Post of the HKSAR Government

Apr 2019 – Mar 2020

Organisers Committee Member of the 2022 ESIL Research Forum

Mar 2022 – Apr 2022

Q&A Coordinator at Glasginburgh 2021 Conference

May 2021

Student Representative (Programme Committee and Focus Group) at School of Law of City University of Hong Kong

Sep 2017 – Oct 2018

President at CUHK Graduate Law Students Association

Oct 2016 – Oct 2017

President at University of Sussex Law Society

Jan 2015 – Jun 2016

Founding President at Sussex Hong Kong Public Affairs and Social Services Society

Aug 2014 – Jul 2016

Vice President at The Network for International Law Students

Apr 2015 – Sep 2016

Caseworker at Innocent Project

Nov 2014 – Jun 2016